Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire (fixed)

Autor/Urheber:

Kandi (original image)
Super Dromaeosaurus (derivative work)

Shortlink:

https://dewiki.de/b/2ac194

Quelle:

Wikimedia Commons

Größe:

3416 x 2214 Pixel (956006 Bytes)

Beschreibung:

Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396). The map comes from Kandi's File:Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire.png but it has been fixed so it does not include Wallachia. This change goes according to the following sources:

• The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest, page 55: "Unlike the First Bulgarian State, Kalojan's state did not extend beyond the Danube".
• Cumans and Tatars Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365, pages 138–139: "in 1241–2 [...], the territories east and south of the Carpathians fell under Tatar overlordship"; page 148: "The future Wallachia was a typical frontier area, and the process of unifying the small Romanian voivodates took place in the course of constant conflict between two great powers, the Hungarian Kingdom and the Golden Horde".
• Cumans in Southern Dobrudja. Some remarks on the Second Bulgarian Empire during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, pages 62–63: "Although it is not the task here to trace the process of migration and settlement of the Cumans north of the Danube, the so-called Cumania, [...]"; "The southern frontier was the Danube, and it comprised what was later to become Wallachia and Moldavia" (talking about Cumania); "Namely, although the Cumans obviously used the lands which had been abandoned by the "former" Bulgarians after the downfall of the First Bulgarian Empire...".
• Trans-Danubian Bulgaria: Reality and Fiction. This whole 44-page long study does not mention anything about any Bulgarian authority beyond the Danube after the fall of the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018). Note that this study does not say that it is restricted to this time period, but to the Middle Ages (which ended in 1453). The Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396) did not exist after the Middle Ages.

Lizenz:

Public domain

Credit:

File:Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire.png

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