Vier Künste
Die Vier Künste (chinesisch 四藝 / 四艺, Pinyin sìyì, Jyutping sei3ngai6)[1], genauer auch die Vier Künste des Gelehrten (文人四藝)[2] genannt, waren im traditionellen China das Zitherspiel (Qin), die Beherrschung des Weiqis (Qi), welches man im westlichen Kulturkreis eher unter dem japanischen Namen Go kennt, die Kalligrafie (Shu) und die Malerei (Hua), im Chinesischen daher auch unter dem schlichten Begriff Qinqi-Shuhua / Qín Qí Shū Huà (琴棋書畫)[3][4] bekannt.
Darstellung aus der Mingzeit
Zither (Qin)
Weiqi (Qi)
Kalligraphie (Shu)
Malerei (Hua)
Die Vier Künste werden oft durch berühmte Personen dargestellt, die sich in der entsprechenden Kunst besonders auszeichneten:
- Chinesische Musik (琴, qin)[5]:
Yu Boya[6], ein Guqin-Spieler zur Zeit der Frühlings- und Herbstannalen - Weiqi (棋, qí)[7]:
Yi Qiu[8], ein Weiqi-Spieler zur Zeit der Streitenden Reiche - Chinesische Kalligrafie (書, shū)[9]:
Wang Xizhi[10], ein Kalligraphen zur Zeit der Östliche Jin-Dynastie - Chinesische Malerei (畫, huà)[11]:
Wang Wei[12], ein Maler und Dichter der Tangzeit
Weblinks
- Eintrag auf chinapage.com (englisch)
Einzelnachweise und Anmerkungen
- ↑ Begriff „sì yì (四藝 / 四艺)“: online auf zdic.net, abgerufen am 4. September 2021. (chinesisch)
- ↑ Die Vier Künste des Gelehrten (chinesisch 文人四藝 / 文人四艺, Pinyin wénrén sìyì, Jyutping man4jan4 sei3ngai6)
- ↑ Das Qinqi-Shuhua / Qin Qi Shu Hua (琴棋書畫 / 琴棋书画, Qínqí shūhuà, Jyutping Kam4kei4 syu1waa6), also die Künste in der Musik, im Weiqi, in der Kalligraphie und in der Malerei.
- ↑ Begriff „qin qi shu hua (琴棋書畫 / 琴棋书画)“: online auf zdic.net, abgerufen am 13. April 2018. (chinesisch)
- ↑ Die Qin (琴, qin, Jyutping kam), also das Musizieren mit dem Qin-Zither.
- ↑ Yu Boya (chinesisch 俞伯牙, Pinyin Yú Bóyá, Jyutping Jyu4 Baak3ngaa4; 387–299 v. Chr.), ein Qin-Spieler aus dem Staat Jin zur Zeit der Frühlings- und Herbstannalen (771–476 vor Chr.)
- ↑ Das Weiqi (棋, qí, Jyutping kei4), die Beherrschung des Weiqi-Spiels – im Westen meist als Go bekannt.
- ↑ Yi Qiu (弈秋, Yì Qiū, Jyutping Jik6 Cau1), ein Weiqi-Spieler aus dem Staat Qi zur Zeit der Streitenden Reiche (475–221 vor Chr.)
- ↑ Die Kalligraphie (書 / 书, shū, Jyutping syu1), also das „Kalligraphieren“ mit dem Schreibpinsel.
- ↑ Wang Xizhi (王羲之, Wáng Xīzhī, Jyutping Wong4 Hei1zi1; 303–361), ein Kalligraphen zur Zeit der Östliche Jin-Dynastie (317–420) – geboren gegen Ende der Westliche Jin-Dynastie (265–316).
- ↑ Die Malerei (畫 / 画, huà, Jyutping waa6), also die chinesische Tuschemalerei mit dem Pinsel.
- ↑ Wang Wei (王維 / 王维, Wáng Wéi, Jyutping Wong4 Wai4; 692–761), ein Maler zur Zeit der Tang (618–907)
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Li Shimin, then Prince of Qin and later Emperor Taizong (reigned 626–649) of the Tang dynasty, established the Institute of Literary Studies and recruited Confucian scholars to serve as its academicians. After ascending the throne, he ordered the imperial artist Yan Liben (circa 601–674) to depict the eighteen scholars and thereby illustrate his virtue in respecting men of learning. Later artists took inspiration of the work to create their own interpretations of the subject.
This set of hanging scrolls illustrates scholars engaged in elegant activities associated with the zither (琴), go (棋), calligraphy (書), and painting (畫), which are the known as the Four Arts of the Scholar (四藝合一). The set was catalogued by the Qing imperial editors of Shiju baoji sanbian (石渠寶笈三編) as: The Eighteen Scholars, anonymous, Song dynasty (宋人十八學士圖). However, the National Palace Museum notes that it probably dates to the middle to late Ming dynasty.
For further information, see Elegant Pursuits of the Literati: ''The Eighteen Scholars'' by an Anonymous Ming Artist (2012 exhibit). Taipei: National Palace Museum.
Li Shimin, then Prince of Qin and later Emperor Taizong (reigned 626–649) of the Tang dynasty, established the Institute of Literary Studies and recruited Confucian scholars to serve as its academicians. After ascending the throne, he ordered the imperial artist Yan Liben (circa 601–674) to depict the eighteen scholars and thereby illustrate his virtue in respecting men of learning. Later artists took inspiration of the work to create their own interpretations of the subject.
This set of hanging scrolls illustrates scholars engaged in elegant activities associated with the zither (琴), go (棋), calligraphy (書), and painting (畫), which are the known as the Four Arts of the Scholar (四藝合一). The set was catalogued by the Qing imperial editors of Shiju baoji sanbian (石渠寶笈三編) as: The Eighteen Scholars, anonymous, Song dynasty (宋人十八學士圖). However, the National Palace Museum notes that it probably dates to the middle to late Ming dynasty.
For further information, see Elegant Pursuits of the Literati: ''The Eighteen Scholars'' by an Anonymous Ming Artist (2012 exhibit). Taipei: National Palace Museum.
Li Shimin, then Prince of Qin and later Emperor Taizong (reigned 626–649) of the Tang dynasty, established the Institute of Literary Studies and recruited Confucian scholars to serve as its academicians. After ascending the throne, he ordered the imperial artist Yan Liben (circa 601–674) to depict the eighteen scholars and thereby illustrate his virtue in respecting men of learning. Later artists took inspiration of the work to create their own interpretations of the subject.
This set of hanging scrolls illustrates scholars engaged in elegant activities associated with the zither (琴), go (棋), calligraphy (書), and painting (畫), which are the known as the Four Arts of the Scholar (四藝合一). The set was catalogued by the Qing imperial editors of Shiju baoji sanbian (石渠寶笈三編) as: The Eighteen Scholars, anonymous, Song dynasty (宋人十八學士圖). However, the National Palace Museum notes that it probably dates to the middle to late Ming dynasty.
For further information, see Elegant Pursuits of the Literati: ''The Eighteen Scholars'' by an Anonymous Ming Artist (2012 exhibit). Taipei: National Palace Museum.
Li Shimin, then Prince of Qin and later Emperor Taizong (reigned 626–649) of the Tang dynasty, established the Institute of Literary Studies and recruited Confucian scholars to serve as its academicians. After ascending the throne, he ordered the imperial artist Yan Liben (circa 601–674) to depict the eighteen scholars and thereby illustrate his virtue in respecting men of learning. Later artists took inspiration of the work to create their own interpretations of the subject.
This set of hanging scrolls illustrates scholars engaged in elegant activities associated with the zither (琴), go (棋), calligraphy (書), and painting (畫), which are the known as the Four Arts of the Scholar (四藝合一). The set was catalogued by the Qing imperial editors of Shiju baoji sanbian (石渠寶笈三編) as: The Eighteen Scholars, anonymous, Song dynasty (宋人十八學士圖). However, the National Palace Museum notes that it probably dates to the middle to late Ming dynasty.
For further information, see Elegant Pursuits of the Literati: ''The Eighteen Scholars'' by an Anonymous Ming Artist (2012 exhibit). Taipei: National Palace Museum.