Sulfolobus
| Sulfolobus | ||||||||||||
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 Eine Sulfolobus-Zelle, mit zwei | ||||||||||||
| Systematik | ||||||||||||
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| Wissenschaftlicher Name | ||||||||||||
| Sulfolobus | ||||||||||||
| Brock, Brock, Belly & Weiss (1972) |
Sulfolobus ist eine Gattung von hyperthermophilen Archaea. Einige Vertreter sind darüber hinaus acidophil. Die Gattung wurde 1972 von Thomas D. Brock, einem US-amerikanischen Mikrobiologen, in der Zeitschrift Archiv für Mikrobiologie beschrieben.
Merkmale
Die Gattung Sulfolobus zeichnet sich durch die folgenden prägnanten Merkmale aus:
- kugelförmige Zellen, die häufig Lappen bilden
- fakultativ autotroph auf Schwefel oder einfachen organischen Verbindungen
- Zellwand ohne Peptidoglycan
- säureliebend, mit einem optimalen pH-Wert von 2–3, verträgt aber einen Bereich von 0.9 bis 5.8
- wärmeliebend mit einem Optimum von 70 bis 75 °C (Bereich 55 bis 80 °C)
Mittels eines Cäsiumchlorid-Gradienten wurde der GC-Gehalt des Erbgutes mit 60–68 % bestimmt.
Systematik
Artenauwahl:
- Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
- Sulfolobus tengchongensis (wird vom Sulfolobus-Virus STSV1 parasitiert)
- Sulfolobus islandicus
Viren
Arten der Gattung Sulfolobus werden von einer Reihe sehr vielgestaltiger Viren parasitiert. Neben dem Sulfolobus-Virus STSV1 sind dies u. a.:
Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 3 (STSV3), TEM-Aufnahme
Schemazeichnung
Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 4 (STSV4), TEM-Aufnahme
Schemazeichnung
Sulfolobus polyhedral virus 3 (SPV3) alias Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 3 (STIV3), TEM-Aufnahme
alias SPV3, Schamazeichnung
Literatur
- Thomas D. Brock et al.: Sulfolobus: A new genus of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria living at low pH and high temperature. In: Archiv für Mikrobiologie. März 1972, doi:10.1007/BF00408082.
Weblinks
Commons: Sulfolobus – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
- Thermophilic Archaea. National Park Service (NPS). Stand: 15. Oktober 2020. Hitzeliebende Archaeen imYellowstone-Nationalpark, insbesondere Sulfolobus im dortigen Norris Geyser Basin und Lemonade Creek. Memento im Webarchiv vom 6. April 2023.
- George Rice: Sulfolobus. Auf Microbial Life, Strengthening education through collaborative partnerships (SERC), carleton.edu. Siehe insbes.: §Why Sulfolobus makes a good viral host for use in the lab. Aufnahme von Sulfolobus aus dem Yellowstone-Nationalpark mit Viren (Sulfolobus-spindle-shaped-Virus 1, SSV-1).
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Fmicb-14-1134935-g003G-STSV4.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng (originals by Reuter et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2017; Han et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Schematic representation of a double tailed spindle-shaped virion of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 4 (STSV4) with the lipid membrane. The inside or outside membrane is illustrated as a yellow layer, and the protein capsid is depicted in purple.
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng (originals by Reuter et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2017; Han et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Schematic representation of a double tailed spindle-shaped virion of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 4 (STSV4) with the lipid membrane. The inside or outside membrane is illustrated as a yellow layer, and the protein capsid is depicted in purple.
Fmicb-14-1134935-g003E.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng, Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Transmission electron micrograph of Sulfolobus polyhedral virus 3 (SPV3) aka Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 3 (STIV3) – see OQ473816 (spherical enveloped virions). Scale bar, 100 nm.
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng, Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Transmission electron micrograph of Sulfolobus polyhedral virus 3 (SPV3) aka Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 3 (STIV3) – see OQ473816 (spherical enveloped virions). Scale bar, 100 nm.
Fmicb-14-1134935-g003A.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng, Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Transmission electron micrograph of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 3 (STSV3, tailed spindle-shaped virion). Scale bar, 100 nm.
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng, Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Transmission electron micrograph of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 3 (STSV3, tailed spindle-shaped virion). Scale bar, 100 nm.
Fmicb-14-1134935-g003B.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng, Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Transmission electron micrograph of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 4 (STSV4, tailed spindle-shaped virion). Scale bar, 100 nm.
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng, Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Transmission electron micrograph of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 4 (STSV4, tailed spindle-shaped virion). Scale bar, 100 nm.
Sulfolobus.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Akronow, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Ein ungefähres Bild der lappigen Form von Archaeen der Gattung Sulfolobus
Autor/Urheber: Akronow, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Ein ungefähres Bild der lappigen Form von Archaeen der Gattung Sulfolobus
RT8-4 scale.jpg
Archaea Sulfolobus infected with specific virus STSV-1. Extracted from English Wikipedia. Author comments = Cell of Sulfolobus infected by virus STSV1 observed under microscopy. Two spindle-shaped viruses were being released from the host cell. The strain of Sulfolobus and STSV1 ( Sulfolobus tengchongensis Spindle-shaped Virus 1) were isolated by Xiaoyu Xiang and his colleagues in an acidic hot spring in Yunnan Province, China. At present, STSV1 is the largest archaeal virus have been isolated and studied. Its genome sequence has been sequenced.
Archaea Sulfolobus infected with specific virus STSV-1. Extracted from English Wikipedia. Author comments = Cell of Sulfolobus infected by virus STSV1 observed under microscopy. Two spindle-shaped viruses were being released from the host cell. The strain of Sulfolobus and STSV1 ( Sulfolobus tengchongensis Spindle-shaped Virus 1) were isolated by Xiaoyu Xiang and his colleagues in an acidic hot spring in Yunnan Province, China. At present, STSV1 is the largest archaeal virus have been isolated and studied. Its genome sequence has been sequenced.
Fmicb-14-1134935-g003G-STSV3.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng (originals by Reuter et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2017; Han et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Schematic representation of a single tailed spindle-shaped virion of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 3 (STSV3) with the lipid membrane. The inside or outside membrane is illustrated as a yellow layer, and the protein capsid is depicted in purple.
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng (originals by Reuter et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2017; Han et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Schematic representation of a single tailed spindle-shaped virion of Sulfolobus tailed spindle-shaped virus 3 (STSV3) with the lipid membrane. The inside or outside membrane is illustrated as a yellow layer, and the protein capsid is depicted in purple.
Fmicb-14-1134935-g003G-STIV3.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng (originals by Reuter et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2017; Han et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Schematic representation of a spherical enveloped virion of Sulfolobus polyhedral virus 3 (SPV3) aka Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 3 (STIV3) with the lipid membrane (see OQ473816). The inside or outside membrane is illustrated as a yellow layer, and the protein capsid is depicted in purple.
Autor/Urheber: Xi Feng, Yanan Li, Chang Tian, Wei Yang, Xinyu Liu, Changyi Zhang, Zhirui Zeng (originals by Reuter et al., 2005; Wagner et al., 2017; Han et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022), Lizenz: CC BY 4.0
Schematic representation of a spherical enveloped virion of Sulfolobus polyhedral virus 3 (SPV3) aka Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 3 (STIV3) with the lipid membrane (see OQ473816). The inside or outside membrane is illustrated as a yellow layer, and the protein capsid is depicted in purple.