Stadtmauer von Derry

Kanonen auf der Stadtmauer von Derry/Londonderry (mit der Bogside links).
Belagerung der Stadt im Jahr 1688–89 (mit der mit Geschützen bestückten St Columb’s Cathedral oben links und Nr. 3)

Die Stadtmauern von Derry/Londonderry sind Befestigungsanlagen am Westufer des River Foyle um den historischen Kern der Stadt Derry/Londonderry. Derry, die nach Belfast zweitgrößte nordirische Stadt, gilt als die einzige erhaltene ummauerte Stadt in Irland und ist eines der markantesten Beispiele für Festungsstädte in Europa. Die Mauer teilt die Stadt Derry in die außerhalb gelegene Bogside und The Fountain.

Die Mauern wurden in den Jahren 1613–1618 hauptsächlich aus den Ruinen mittelalterlicher Klostergebäude nach Plänen des Ingenieurs Peter Benson aus London und des Architekten Sir Edward Doddington aus Dungiven gebaut.

Der Bau wurde mit Geldern der Irish Society und einzelner Londoner Geschäftsleute finanziert, in Übereinstimmung mit der königlichen Urkunde von König Jakob I., der im Gegenzug große Landstriche im Gebiet von Derry erhielt. Die Mauern sollten Einwohner (hauptsächlich Immigranten aus England und Schottland) vor Angriffen lokaler irischer Rebellen schützen. Trotz der Belagerungen in den Jahren 1641, 1649 und 1689 wurden die Stadtmauern von Derry nie zerstört, was für ihre sorgfältige Planung und Qualität spricht.

Die mit mächtigen Schutzanlagen und mit eckigen Artilleriebastionen ausgestatteten Mauern haben eine Länge von etwa 1,5 km. Ein Fußgängerweg für Touristen ist entlang der Mauern angelegt. In den Mauern gibt es vier ursprüngliche Tore: Bishop’s Gate, Ferryquay Gate, Butcher Gate und Shipquay Gate. Sie befinden sich am Ende der Straßen, die das historische Zentrum der Stadtfestung kreuzen. Drei weitere Tore wurden später hinzugefügt: Magazine Gate (1865), Castle Gate (1803) und New Gate (1789). Die ursprünglichen Tore wurden im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert rekonstruiert.

  • Karte von Londonderry aus dem Jahr 1622, mit der Residenz des Bischofs von Derry im Nordwesten.
    Karte von Londonderry aus dem Jahr 1622, mit der Residenz des Bischofs von Derry im Nordwesten.
  • Walker Plinth
    (c) Eric Jones, CC BY-SA 2.0
    Walker Plinth

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The Walker Memorial Plinth at the Royal Bastion on the Grand Parade - geograph.org.uk - 1516132.jpg
(c) Eric Jones, CC BY-SA 2.0
The Walker Memorial Plinth at the Royal Bastion on the Grand Parade The Rev George Walker a soldier and Anglican priest was the joint governor of Londonderry with Major Baker, during the siege of 1689, and who in contrast to the cowardly and treacherous Robert Lundy, galvanized the opposition of free minded people to the Tyrant King James II. Walker was to heroically die in the following year at the Battle of the Boyne, whilst tending to the wounds of his injured comrade, the Duke of Schomberg. In 1826, in recognition of and respect for the much loved man, a 27m high memorial column surmounted by a statue of Walker was erected on the Royal Bastion, on the historic city walls. In 1973 the column was destroyed by a 100lb IRA terrorist bomb,an act of cultural vandalism, which was widely recognized as an attempt by the sectarian terrorists to erase an important part of the City's Protestant Culture and Heritage. The shattered remains of the Walker's statue has been restored and placed in the garden of the nearby Memorial Hall of the Apprentice Boys of Derry. The restored statue was again attacked by Irish Republican Vandals in 2010.
Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland (1915) (14757539126).jpg
Autor/Urheber:

Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland; Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. Transactions; Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. Proceedings and transactions;

Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. Proceedings and papers, Lizenz: No restrictions

Identifier: journalofroyalso45roya (find matches)
Title: Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
Year: 1915 (1910s)
Authors: Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. Transactions Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. Proceedings and transactions Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. Proceedings and papers
Subjects:
Publisher: Dublin, Ireland : The Society
Contributing Library: Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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that of a mitred abbot,on account of the authority he was to exercise over the religioushouses. To complete the reform at Derry a church was built outside theabbey precincts to serve the spiritual needs of the secular population.It was named Teampull M6r, the great church, though its lengthwas but 90 feet/3 unwarrantably extended by Colgan to 80 paces(passus), or 400 feet. The Teampull Mor became afterwards thecathedral church of Derry. Its site is now occupied by a Catholicparish church, popularly known as the Long Tower, from a towertraditionally stated to have been a round tower, which stood heredown to the end of the 17th century.* A further reform of the abbey was made in 1397 by PrimateColton, who ordered all suspect persons to be removed from theprecincts, and the abbot and canons to return to the observance of a 1 Annals of Ulster, a.d. 1162 ; Four Masters. 2 Ordnance Memoir of Londonderry, p. 21. 3 Annals of Ulster : wrongly 80 feet in Four Masters. 4 Ordnance Memoir, p. 25.
Text Appearing After Image:
212 ROYAL SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF IRELAND common life. In connexion with this visitation mention is madeof chambers and other accommodation for guests, the choir of theabbey church, a dormitory and a re^ctory.1 The abbey had, how-ever, entered on a period of decay. In 1412 it was so muchimpoverished through long wars and other calamities that its inmatescould not be duly maintained.2 In 1423 its buildings were reducedto manifest destruction and ruin by continual wars and deadlyenmities in those parts.3 A hundred years later the position onlyof the church could be traced.4 The explosion of an English powder-house in 1567,5 and the works of Sir Henry Docwra in 1600, wroughtfurther havoc.6 The plan of Docwras fort,7 reproduced in theOrdnance Memoir and one of Derry in Facsimiles of National MSS.show what may be recognised as a side of the claustral buildings,that peece of an ould monasterie mentioned in Phillipss report, longe before the burneing of Derry by them repaired and yetmaynte

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Cannon on Derry City Walls SMC 2007.jpg
Autor/Urheber: SeanMack, Lizenz: CC BY 3.0
Cannon on Derry City Walls. Bogside to the left, walled city to the right.