ST8:USA300
| ST8:USA300 | ||||||||||||
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 Elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahme MRSA | ||||||||||||
| Systematik | ||||||||||||
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| Wissenschaftlicher Name | ||||||||||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | ||||||||||||
| Rosenbach 1884 |
ST8:USA300 ist ein methicillinresistenter Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Typus. Er ist antibiotikaresistent, ansteckend und führt zu schnell fortschreitender, tödlicher Erkrankung mit nekrotischer Lungenentzündung, schwerer Sepsis und nekrotisierender Fasziitis.[1]
Die Epidemiologie der Infektionen durch MRSA hat sich stark gewandelt: MRSA sind in den vergangenen zehn Jahren in die Gesellschaft eingedrungen. Die zwei MRSA-Klone USA400 und 300 treten seither in den Vereinigten Staaten und in Westeuropa auf, enthalten meist Panton-Valentine-Leukozidin (PVL-MRSA) und beginnen häufig als Haut- und Weichteilinfektionen. Ausbrüche sogenannter community-associated infections (CA)-MRSA fanden sich in Gefängnissen, Sportmannschaften, unter Rekruten, in Geburtskliniken, Altenheimen und unter aktiven homosexuellen Männern. Sie finden sich heute epidemisch in vielen urbanen Gebieten und sind für die meisten MRSA-Infektionen verantwortlich.[2]
Literatur
- Vollständige Genomsequenz von USA300. PMID 16517273.
- S.F. gay community an epicenter for new strain of virulent staph. In: San Francisco Chronicle, 15. Januar 2008.
Weblinks
- MRSA-Portal (englisch)
- Fachwissen MRSA bbraun.de
- Genom-Bild
Einzelnachweise
- ↑ S Boyle-Vavra, RS Daum: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the role of Panton-Valentine leukocidin. In: Lab. Invest., 87 (1), 200, S. 3–9, PMID 17146447.
- ↑ CL Maree, RS Daum, S Boyle-Vavra, K Matayoshi, LG Miller: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing healthcare-associated infections. In: Emerging Infect. Dis., 13 (2), 2007, S. 236–242.
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
This 2005 colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicted numerous clumps of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, commonly referred to by the acronym, MRSA; Magnified 4780. Recently recognized outbreaks, or clusters of MRSA in community settings have been associated with strains that have some unique microbiologic and genetic properties, compared with the traditional hospital-based MRSA strains, which suggests some biologic properties, e.g., virulence factors like toxins, may allow the community strains to spread more easily, or cause more skin disease. A common strain named USA300-0114 has caused many such of outbreaks in the United States. See PHIL 10045 for a colorized version of this image.
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, e.g., bloodstream, pneumonia, bone infections, occur most frequently among persons in hospitals and healthcare facilities, including nursing homes, and dialysis centers. Those who acquire a MRSA infection usually have a weakened immune system, however, the manifestation of MRSA infections that are acquired by otherwise healthy individuals, who have not been recently hospitalized, or had a medical procedure such as dialysis, or surgery, first began to emerged in the mid- to late-1990's. These infections in the community are usually manifested as minor skin infections such as pimples and boils. Transmission of MRSA has been reported most frequently in certain populations, e.g., children, sports participants, or jail inmates.