Nationales Schwimmzentrum Peking
| Nationales Schwimmzentrum | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Außenansicht | ||
| Frühere Namen | ||
Ice Cube (während den Olympischen Winterspielen 2022) | ||
| Daten | ||
| Ort |  Peking, Volksrepublik China | |
| Koordinaten | 39° 59′ 30″ N, 116° 23′ 3″ O | |
| Baubeginn | 2004 | |
| Eröffnung | 2008 | |
| Renovierungen | 2010, 2019 | |
| Oberfläche | Kunsteis | |
| Kosten | 940 CNY | |
| Architekt | PTW Architects, CSCEC, China Construction Design International, Arup | |
| Kapazität | 4.500 | |
| Veranstaltungen | ||
| ||
| Lage | ||
| ||
Das Nationale Schwimmzentrum, auch als Water Cube (dt. Wasserwürfel) bezeichnet, war die Wettkampfstätte für die Wettbewerbe im Schwimmsport, Kunst- und Turmspringen, sowie Synchronschwimmen bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 2008 in der chinesischen Hauptstadt Peking. Zu den Olympischen Winterspielen 2022 wird das umgebaute Schwimmzentrum für die Curling-Turniere verwendet und Ice Cube (Eiswürfel) genannt.
Architektur und Konstruktion
Im Juli 2003 gewannen das Architekturunternehmen PTW Architects und das Ingenieurbüro Arup den Wettbewerb zum Bau des olympisch-nationalen Schwimmcenters, sie setzten sich dabei gegen 18 weitere Teilnehmer durch. Verantwortlicher Ingenieur war Tristram Carfrae. Die beiden australischen Unternehmen entwarfen die Wettkampfstätte dabei zusammen mit chinesischen Partnern. Arup und PTW arbeiteten zuvor bereits am Wassersportzentrum der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2000 in Sydney.
2009 erhielt The Watercube den IOC/IAKS Award in Gold den einzigen internationalen Architekturpreis für bereits im Betrieb bewährte Sport- und Freizeitbauten (Neubauten, Erweiterungen oder Modernisierungen). 2009 erhielt Arup dafür den MacRobert Award.
Das Gerüst des Schwimmzentrums basiert auf einer Leichtbaukonstruktion. Eine Reihe unregelmäßiger Waben bilden ein extrem leichtes und mehrere Meter dickes Raumfachwerk, dessen ungewöhnliches geometrisches Design von der Struktur von Seifenschaum inspiriert ist und technisch auf der Weaire-Phelan-Struktur basiert. Die einzelnen Waben der Außenhaut und des Daches wurden mit über 3.500 Folienelementen aus hellblauer ETFE-Folie, vergleichbar der Allianz Arena in München, bestückt, auf die Videos projiziert werden können. Neben dem medialen Zweck dient die plastische Hülle dabei auch der passiven Nutzung der Sonneneinstrahlung auf das Gebäude. Neunzig Prozent der einfallenden Sonnenenergie kann zum Heizen der Wasserbecken und der Innenräume genutzt werden.
Standort
Die olympische Schwimmhalle belegt den westlichen Teil des Olympic Green, 150 m westlich vom Nationalstadion Peking (Olympiastadion „Vogelnest“), mit einer Fläche von etwa 70.800 m². Das Olympic Green befindet sich nördlich des Stadtzentrums von Peking und wird von 760 ha neuangelegtem Park umgeben. Alle Schauplätze befinden sich im Grünen, nahe dem olympischen Dorf.
Nutzung
Neben mehreren Schwimmbecken sind auf insgesamt 70.000 m² Nutzfläche eine Eiskunstlaufbahn, eine Sporthalle, ein Kino und verschiedene Clubs untergebracht. Seit dem Ende der Olympischen Spiele wird der „Water Cube“ als Freizeitzentrum („Spaßbad“) genutzt, während das Wettkampfbecken für den Leistungssport vorbehalten bleibt.[1] Trotz hoher Eintrittspreise ist die Nachfrage höher als das Besuchermaximum von täglich 2500 Gästen.
„Nachbauten“
Die Fassade des Water Cube wurde so berühmt, dass sie „nachgebaut“ wurde, so beim Casino Oceanus am Fährterminal in Macau, das im Dezember 2009 eröffnet wurde. Der Architekt Paul Steelman kopierte bei dem Casino sowohl die Fassade als auch die kubische Form des Water Cube.[2]
Beim gemeinsamen Neubau für das Melbourne Recital Centre und das MTC Theatre in Melbourne, Australien (Entwurf von ARM – Ashton Raggatt MacDougall) wurde ein Teil der Fassade in einer ähnlichen schiefen Wabenstruktur wie der des Water Cube gestaltet. Die Felder wurden hier allerdings mit Glas ausgefüllt.[3][4]
Bilder
Vor der Fertigstellung – die 3D-Fachwerksstruktur ist gut erkennbar (hinten das „Vogelnest“)
Beleuchtung bei Nacht
Innenansicht
(c) Arne Müseler / www.arne-mueseler.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 deNach dem Umbau zum „Ice Cube“ für die Olympischen Winterspiele 2022
Weblinks
- National Aquatics Center (Water Cube) auf arup.com (englisch)
Einzelnachweise
- ↑ Wellenbad und Whirlpool für Wohlhabende (Memento vom 23. August 2010 im Internet Archive), tagesschau.de, 22. August 2010, mit Fotostrecke.
- ↑ Macau Casino copies Beijing water cube design architectureanddesign.com.au, 15. Dezember 2009.
- ↑ Melbourne Recital Centre & MTC peterbennetts.com
- ↑ Kulturschock aus Downunder – MTC Theatre und Melbourne Recital Centre, Melbourne/AUS, in: Deutsche Bauzeitung, 11/2009, S. 38.
Wettkampfstätten der Olympischen Winterspiele 2022| Peking |
| |
| Yanqing |
| |
| Zhangjiakou |
|
Wettkampfstätten der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2008
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Olympic Rings without "rims" (gaps between the rings), As used, eg. in the logos of the 2008 and 2016 Olympics. The colour scheme applied here was specified in 2023 guidelines.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Snowboarding
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Speed Skating
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Ice hockey
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Alpine skiing
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Bobsleigh
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Luge
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Biathlon
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cross country skiing
Pictograms of Olympic sports – . This is an unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Football. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Gymnastics (artistic). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Handball. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Swimming. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Diving. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Archery. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Fencing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Modern pentathlon. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Field hockey. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Tennis. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Weightlifting. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Judo. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for the 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Piktogramm der olympischen Sportart Taekwondo. Dies ist ein inoffizielles Beispielbild. Offizielle Piktogramme für die Sommerolympiade 1948 und alle olympischen Sommerspiele seit 1964 können in den Offiziellen Berichten gefunden werden.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Volleyball (indoor). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Wrestling. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cycling (track). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Tennis. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Canoeing (flatwater). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Canoeing (slalom). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Rowing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Shooting. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cycling (road). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Boxing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Basketball. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Water polo. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Sailing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Autor/Urheber: Citius Altius Fortius (adapted for Dressage) & Parutakupiu (original image), Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Equestrian-Dressage. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Autor/Urheber: Citius Altius Fortius (adapted for Jumping) & Parutakupiu (original image), Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Equestrian-Jumping. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Autor/Urheber: Citius Altius Fortius (adapted for Eventing) & Parutakupiu (original image), Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Equestrian-Eventing. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Ski jumping
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Volleyball (beach). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
(c) Arne Müseler / www.arne-mueseler.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 de
Beijing National Aquatics Centre
Autor/Urheber: Angus, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
Beijing Olympic Aquatic Centre under construction - blue ETFE foils on a fully welded (no bolts!) steel frame. Beijing main stadium in the background. Aptly named the Birdsnest.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Gymnastics (trampoline). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Gymnastics (rhythmic). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cycling (mountain biking). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Synchronized swimming. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Logo de los Juegos Olímpicos de Pekín 2022
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Softball. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Freestyle skiing
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Skeleton
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Curling
Autor/Urheber: Parutakupiu, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Open water swimming. This is unofficial sample picture.
Autor/Urheber: Jmex60, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
The watercube, Biejing, during the 2008 olympic games, august 16th
Autor/Urheber: Jmex60, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Picture of the watercube by night during the Beijin Olympic games, august 21st
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Short track speed skating
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Nordic combined
Pictogramme officiel triathlon olympique
Autor/Urheber: NordNordWest and OpenStreetMap contributors, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 2.0
Positionskarte von Peking, China
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Figure skating
Autor/Urheber: Angus, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
Beijing National Aquatics Centre and Beijing National Stadium (background)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Baseball. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Badminton. This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.
_pictogram.svg)
Pictograms of Olympic sports - Cycling (BMX). This is unofficial sample picture. Images of official Olympic pictograms for 1948 Summer Olympics and all Summer Olympics since 1964 can be found in corresponding Official Reports.