Liste der indo-griechischen und baktrisch-griechischen Könige
Die indo-griechischen und griechisch-baktrischen Könige herrschten im Griechisch-Baktrischen Königreich und im Indo-Griechischen Königreich. Sie sind zum großen Teil nur von ihren Münzen bekannt (griechisch-baktrisches Münzwesen, indo-griechisches Münzwesen). Nur einige wenige Herrscher des 3. und 2. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. werden bei klassischen Autoren genannt. Reihenfolge und Herrschaftsgebiete, Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen sind in der Forschung umstritten. Die Regierungszeiten sind meist nur Schätzungen.
Baktrien
| König | Datierung | Kommentar | Münze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diodotos I. | ca. 255–235 v. Chr. |  | |
| Diodotos II. | ca. 235–225 v. Chr. | Sohn Diodotos’ I. |  |
| Euthydemos I. | ca. 225–200 v. Chr. | Usurpator und Gründer des Hauses Euthydemos |  |
| Demetrios I. | ca. 200–182 v. Chr. | Sohn Euthydemos’ I. |  |
| Euthydemos II. | ca. 182–175 v. Chr. | erster Sohn von Demetrios I.? |  |
| Demetrios II. | ca. 175–168/7 v. Chr. | zweiter Sohn Demetrios’ I.? | |
| Antimachos I. | ca. 168/7–160 v. Chr. | Euthydemide, Sohn Demetrios’ I.? |  |
| Eumenes | ca. 165 v. Chr. | Koregent Antimachos’ I., bisher nicht von Münzen bekannt | |
| Antimachos II. Nikephoros | ca. 165–160 v. Chr. | Koregent Antimachos’ I. |  |
| Eukratides I. | ca. 171–145 v. Chr. | Usurpator, Gründer des Hauses Eukratides |  |
| Eukratides II. Soter | ca. 157 v. Chr.? | Sohn und Mitregent Eukratides’ I. |  |
| Heliokles I. | ca. 157–145 v. Chr. | Sohn Eukratides’ I. |  |
Gandhara, Hindukusch, Punjab
| König | Datierung | Kommentar | Münze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pantaleon | um 190–180 v. Chr. |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 | |
| Agathokles | ca. 190 v. Chr. bis um 180 v. Chr. | Vasalle Demetrios’ I. (?) |  |
| Apollodotos I. | ca. 182/175–165/4 v. Chr. | Euthydemide, Sohn Demetrios’ I.? |  |
| Menandros I. Soter | ca. 166/155/130–110 v. Chr. | Eroberung großer Teile Indiens, letzter indo-griechischer Herrscher, der bei antiken Autoren überliefert ist |  |
| Agathokleia | vielleicht ehemalige Gattin Menandros’ I., regierte für ihren Sohn Straton I. |  | |
| Straton I. | ca. 125–110 v. Chr. | Sohn Menandros’ I.? |  |
Schwer einzuordnen (alphabetisch)
| König | Datierung | Kommentar | Münze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amyntas | 1. Jahrhundert v. Chr. | Prägte größte Silbermünze der Antike |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 |
| Antialkidas | um 100 v. Chr. | Von einer zeitgenössischen Inschrift bekannt |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 |
| Apollodotos II. | 1, Jahrhundert v. Chr. | nannte sich Großkönig; erneute Expansionsbestrebungen |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 |
| Apollophanes | |||
| Archebios |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 | ||
| Artemidoros | um 100–85 v. Chr. | Zeitgenosse des Maues; bezeichnet sich als dessen Sohn |  |
| Diomedes | um 100 v. Chr. |  | |
| Dionysios | |||
| Epandros | |||
| Heliokles II. | ca. 100 v. Chr. | ||
| Hermaios | ca. 90 bis 70 v. Chr. |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 | |
| Hippostratos | um 65 bis 50 v. Chr. | ||
| Lysias | kurz nach 120 v. Chr. | ||
| Nikias | um 100 v. Chr. | ||
| Peukolaos | ca. 90 v. Chr. | kurze Regierungszeit | |
| Philoxenos | ca. 120 v. Chr.? | zahlreiche Münzen | |
| Platon | um 138/137 v. Chr. |  | |
| Polyxenos | ca. 100 v. Chr. | kurze Regierungszeit | |
| Straton II. | um Christi Geburt | letzter indo-griechischer Herrscher | |
| Telephos | |||
| Theophilos | 130–90 v. Chr. | kurze Regierungszeit | |
| Zoilos I. | um 140 v. Chr. ? |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 | |
| Zoilos II. | 50–30 v. Chr. |  (c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0 |
Weblinks
Commons: indo-griechische Könige – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
Commons: baktrisch-griechische Könige – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
Literatur
- Werner Widmer: Hellas am Hindukusch. Griechentum im Fernen Osten der antiken Welt. R. G. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2015, ISBN 978-3-8301-1661-5.
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Coin of the Bactrian king Agathokles.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian king Agathokles. Obverse: Diademed bust of the sovereign turned to the right, coat fastened on the right shoulder. The two fabric pendants at the back wave. Garnet (Cord made of small grains at the edge of the coin). Reverse: Zeus standing facing, holding in his left hand a long scepter, and in his extended right, a statuette of Hecate herself holding a torch in each hand. Monogram of Agathocles between the text "Agatocles" and the image of Zeus, under the image of Hecate.
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian king Agathokles. Obverse: Diademed bust of the sovereign turned to the right, coat fastened on the right shoulder. The two fabric pendants at the back wave. Garnet (Cord made of small grains at the edge of the coin). Reverse: Zeus standing facing, holding in his left hand a long scepter, and in his extended right, a statuette of Hecate herself holding a torch in each hand. Monogram of Agathocles between the text "Agatocles" and the image of Zeus, under the image of Hecate.
Coin of Archebios.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Archebios
Circa 90-80 BC. AR Tetradrachm (9.69 g, 12h). Bilingual series.
BASILEWS DIKAIOU NIKHFOROU ARCEBIOU, diademed and draped bust right, wearing crested helmet adorned with bull's horn and ear
"Maharajasa dhramikasa jayadharasa Arkhebiyasa" in Karosthi, Zeus Bremetes standing facing, holding sceptre in left hand; monogram to lower right.
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Archebios
Circa 90-80 BC. AR Tetradrachm (9.69 g, 12h). Bilingual series.
BASILEWS DIKAIOU NIKHFOROU ARCEBIOU, diademed and draped bust right, wearing crested helmet adorned with bull's horn and ear
"Maharajasa dhramikasa jayadharasa Arkhebiyasa" in Karosthi, Zeus Bremetes standing facing, holding sceptre in left hand; monogram to lower right.
Coin of Appollodotos II.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Appollodotos II
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Appollodotos II
Theophilos.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Theophilos
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Theophilos
Demetriosii.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian king Demetrios II
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian king Demetrios II
Coin of King Euthydemos II.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Euthydemosii
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Euthydemosii
Coin of Agathokleia.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek queen Agathokleia
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek queen Agathokleia
Coin of the Greco-Bactrian King Plato.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Greco-Bactrian King Plato
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Greco-Bactrian King Plato
Stratoii.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Strato II
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Strato II
DemetriusCoin.jpg
From 1889 edition of _Principal Coins of the Ancients_ Public Domain scans offered by ESnible from his site http://www.snible.org/coins/hn/bactria.html (July 10th agreement by e-mail).
- 00:04, 10 July 2004 PHG 442x191 (13449 bytes)
Lysias.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Lysias
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Lysias
Coin of Antimachus II.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Antimachus II
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Antimachus II
Polyxenos.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Polyxenos
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Polyxenos
Telephos.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Telephos
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Telephos
Nikias.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Nikias
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Nikias
Coin of Euthydemos I.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Euthydemos I
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Euthydemos I
Coin of the Bactrian King Antimachos I.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian King Antimachos I
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian King Antimachos I
Coin of Diodotos II.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian King Diodotos II
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian King Diodotos II
Coin of Amyntas Nicator.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Antialkidas
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Antialkidas
Coin of Indo-Greek king Apollodotos I.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Apollodotos I
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Apollodotos I
Coin of Artimedoros.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indian-Scythian king Artemidoros
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indian-Scythian king Artemidoros
Helioclesii.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Heliocles II
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Heliocles II
Coin of Zoilos I.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Zoilos I
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Zoilos I
Epander.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Epander
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Epander
Coin of Eucratides I.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Eucratides I
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Bactrian king Eucratides I
Coin of Eukratides II.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian King Eukratides II
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian King Eukratides II
Hippostratos.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Hippostratos
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Hippostratos
Coin of Greco-Baktrian Kingdom king Pantaleon.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cupro-nickel coin of king Pantaleon.
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cupro-nickel coin of king Pantaleon.
Obv: Bust of Dionysos with a wreath of leavesthyrsos over left shoulder.
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Diomedes.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Diomedes
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek King Diomedes
Coin of Zoilos II.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Zoilos II.
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Zoilos II.
DiodotusGoldCoin.jpg
Autor/Urheber: World Imaging, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Gold coin of Diodotus I king of Bactria, c. 245 BC. The Greek inscription reads: "ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΙΟΔΟΤΟΥ" – "(of) King Diodotus". Cabinet des Medailles, Paris. Personal photograph 2006.
Autor/Urheber: World Imaging, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Gold coin of Diodotus I king of Bactria, c. 245 BC. The Greek inscription reads: "ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΙΟΔΟΤΟΥ" – "(of) King Diodotus". Cabinet des Medailles, Paris. Personal photograph 2006.
Coin of Hermaios.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Hermaios
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Hermaios
Coin of Strato I.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Strato I
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Greek king Strato I
Philoxenos.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Philoxenos
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Philoxenos
Coin of Heliocles.jpg
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian king Heliocles
Autor/Urheber: Classical Numismatic Group;[1], Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Baktrian king Heliocles
Coin of Antialkidas.jpg
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Antialkidas. Obverse: Bust of Antialcidas wearing aegis and holding a spear, with Greek legend BASILEOS NIKEPHOROU ANTIALKIDOU "Of Victorious King Antialcidas". Reverse: Zeus with lotus-tipped sceptre, in front of an elephant with a bell (symbol of Taxila), surmounted by Nike holding a wreath, crowning the elephant. Kharoshti legend: MAHARAJASA JAYADHARASA ANTIALIKITASA "Victorious King Antialcidas". Pushkalavati mint.
(c) Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coin of the Indo-Graeco king Antialkidas. Obverse: Bust of Antialcidas wearing aegis and holding a spear, with Greek legend BASILEOS NIKEPHOROU ANTIALKIDOU "Of Victorious King Antialcidas". Reverse: Zeus with lotus-tipped sceptre, in front of an elephant with a bell (symbol of Taxila), surmounted by Nike holding a wreath, crowning the elephant. Kharoshti legend: MAHARAJASA JAYADHARASA ANTIALIKITASA "Victorious King Antialcidas". Pushkalavati mint.