Kalvarija
| Kalvarija | |||
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| Staat: |  Litauen | ||
| Bezirk: | Marijampolė | ||
| Gemeinde: | Kalvarija | ||
| Koordinaten: | 54° 25′ N, 23° 14′ O | ||
| Einwohner (Ort): | 4.908 (2010) | ||
| Zeitzone: | EET (UTC+2) | ||
| Telefonvorwahl: | (+370) 343 | ||
| Kfz-Kennzeichen: | M | ||
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Kalvarija (polnisch Kalwaria, deutsch (veraltet) Kalvarien, später auch Kalwarja) ist eine Stadt und Sitz der gleichnamigen Selbstverwaltungsgemeinde im südlichen Teil Litauens. Sie liegt rund 70 Kilometer südwestlich von Kaunas entfernt und etwa 140 Kilometer westlich der Landeshauptstadt Vilnius nahe der polnischen Grenze in der Region Suvalkija. Die Gemeinde Kalvarija umfasst neben der Stadt 172 Dörfer.
Bauwerke
- Mariä-Namen-Kirche, erbaut von 1838 bis 1840
- Ehemalige Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche, erbaut 1838, nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg profaniert
- Alte Synagoge
- Beit Midrash Synagoge
Kirche des Namens der Jungfrau Maria
Ehemalige Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche
Alte Synagoge
Beit Midrash Synagoge
Söhne der Stadt
in der Reihenfolge des Geburtsjahres
- Elkhanan Elkes (1879–1944), litauischer Arzt und „Oberjude“ in KZ Kauen
- Isaac Margolis (1842–1887), russisch-polnischer Rabbi und Autor
- Meyer London (1871–1926), US-amerikanischer Politiker, Sozialist des Bundesstaates New York im US-Repräsentantenhaus
- Elias Avery Lowe (1879–1969), US-amerikanischer Paläograph
- Juozas Greifenbergeris (1898–1926), litauischer Kommunist und Funktionär der kommunistischen Jugendbewegung
- Jokūbas Josadė (1911–1995), Schriftsteller
- Sigitas Slavickas (* 1941), Politiker
Weblinks
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Autor/Urheber: Scotch Mist, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe and is considered to be one of the Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Region (a Russian enclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people (as of 2019), and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Other major cities are Kaunas and Klaipėda. Lithuanians are Baltic people.
For centuries, the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes. In the 1230s, the Lithuanian lands were united by Mindaugas, the King of Lithuania, and the first unified Lithuanian state, the Kingdom of Lithuania, was created on 6 July 1253. During the 14th century, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the largest country in Europe; present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of Poland and Russia were the territories of the Grand Duchy. With the Lublin Union of 1569, Lithuania and Poland formed a voluntary two-state ’personal union’, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries, until neighbouring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772 to 1795, with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania's territory. As World War I (WWI) neared its end, Lithuania's Act of Independence was signed on 16 February 1918, declaring the founding of the modern Republic of Lithuania. In the midst of the Second World War (WWII), Lithuania was first occupied by the Soviet Union and then by Nazi Germany. As World War II neared its end and the Germans retreated, the Soviet Union reoccupied Lithuania. On 11 March 1990, a year before the formal Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Lithuania became the first Baltic state to declare itself independent, resulting in the restoration of an independent State of Lithuania.
The Scotch Mist Gallery contains many photographs of historic buildings, monuments and memorials of Poland and countries that previously comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
(c) Karte: NordNordWest, Lizenz: Creative Commons by-sa-3.0 de
Positionskarte von Litauen
Autor/Urheber: Bonio, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Synagoga Chłodna w Kalwarii
Autor/Urheber: Renata3 from English Wikipedia, Lizenz: CC BY 2.5
This is a recording of Lithuanian pronunciation of en:Kalvarija city
Autor/Urheber: Vilensija, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kalvarija, Lithuania