Heisler Locomotive Works
| Heisler Locomotive Works | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Rechtsform | Company |
| Gründung | 1907 |
| Sitz | Erie (Pennsylvania) |
| Leitung | Charles L. Heisler |
| Branche | Lokomotivhersteller |
Heisler Locomotive Works war ein amerikanischer Hersteller für Dampflokomotiven. Das Werk wurde 1907 von Charles L. Heisler gegründet und ging aus der Reorganisation der Stearns Manufacturing Company hervor. Der Sitz war in Erie (Pennsylvania). Die Produktion wurde 1941 eingestellt.
Geschichte
Der Konstrukteur
Der Ingenieur Charles L. Heisler arbeitete 1891 bei der Dunkirk Engineering Company in Dunkirk (New York) und erhielt 1892 ein Patent für die Konstruktion einer Getriebedampflokomotive mit zwei Drehgestellen. Die Company zeigte jedoch kein Interesse am Bau der Lokomotive und so verließ Heisler Dunkirk. Im August 1894 übernahm die Stearns Manufacturing Company in Erie (Pennsylvania), die Produktion. 1897 erhielt Heisler dann ein weiteres Patent auf eine dreiteilige Lokomotive mit stärkerem Antrieb und höherem Gewicht. Die Hersteller Climax und Lima (Shay) hatten jedoch schon 1880 die ersten Getriebelokomotiven hergestellt und so blieben die Aufträge hinter den Erwartungen zurück. Deshalb wurde die Produktion bereits 1904 wieder eingestellt. Nach der Finanzkrise von 1907 wurde die SMC dann als Heisler Locomotive Works reorganisiert und der Lokomotivbau danach bis 1941 fortgesetzt.
Lokomotiven
Lokomotiven mit zwei Drehgestellen
Die Lokomotiven zeichneten sich dadurch aus, dass die beiden Dampfzylinder in einem Winkel von 45° zu einem V angeordnet und dann im Inneren des Rahmens mit der Antriebswelle verbunden waren. Diese Welle war unter dem Kessel positioniert. Die Kurbelwelle war dann mit einem geschlossenen Getriebe, mit den nach innen gerichteten Achsen des jeweiligen Drehgestells verbunden. Die nach außen zeigenden Achsen der Drehgestelle waren dann über Pleuelstangen mit den inneren Achsen verbunden. Der erste Prototyp der Heisler-Lokomotiven wurde 1891 bei Dunkirk Engineering Co. gebaut.
Lokomotiven mit drei Drehgestellen
_3_(27110186773).jpg)
1897 erhielt Heisler ein weiteres Patent für dreiteilige Lokomotiven, bei denen der Tender auf einem dritten Drehgestellt, mit eigenem Rahmen, angeordnet war. Auch dieses Drehgestell wurde über eine Welle angetrieben, die mit den Dampfzylindern verbunden war. Diese Bauart fand bei Lokomotiven mit mehr Leistung/Gewicht und so auch mehr Kohle- und Wasserbedarf Anwendung. Dieser Typ wurde auch mit vier Dampfzylindern hergestellt.
Die beiden Lokomotivtypen wurden in 11 verschiedenen Versionen, mit einem Gewicht von 14 bis 95 Tonnen, hergestellt. Sie wurden zuerst für Kohle- und Holzfeuerung, später aber auch mit Ölbefeuerung produziert. In den letzten Jahren konnte auch eine einzelne dieselelektrische Version gebaut werden.
Vorteile der Bauart Heisler
Die Vorteile der Bauart Heisler gegenüber Climax-/Shay-Lokomotiven waren:
- Die Loks erreichten eine höhere Geschwindigkeit.
- Sie waren in der Anschaffung günstiger.
- Die Wartungskosten waren wegen des vereinfachten Übertragungssystems geringer.[1][2]
Dampfspeicherlokomotiven
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Nach 1930 wurden Dampfspeicherlokomotiven mit zwei horizontal angeordneten Dampfzylindern und äußerem Antriebsgestänge hergestellt. Diese Loks wurden zur Dampferzeugung nicht befeuert. Stattdessen wurde Dampf in einer stationären Anlage erzeugt und anschließend in den Kessel geleitet. Damit wurde dann Wasser erhitzt, um weiteren Dampf zu erzeugen. Diese Loks wurden u. a. in Bereichen mit Brandgefahr eingesetzt, wie z. B. Bergwerken. Sie wurden mit neuen Bezeichnungen für die Achsfolge und Herstellernummern versehen (z. B. 0-4-0F, Produktions-Nr. 58).[3]
Insgesamt wurden 625 Lokomotiven hergestellt, von denen noch etwa 40 erhalten sind.
Erhaltene Lokomotiven
| Hersteller Nr. | Baujahr | Drehgestelle Achsfolge | Gewicht | Ursprüngliches Bahnunternehmen | Bemerkung | Bild | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lokomotiven – noch bei der Stearns Manufacturing Company erbaut. | ||||||||||||||
| 1906 | 2 | 20 t | Santee River Hardwood Nr. 3 | Bei der Whitewater Valley Railroad, in Connersville (Indiana) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| 1082 | 1904 | 2 | 20 t | Beim Bush Tramway Club, in Pukemiro Neuseeland ausgestellt. |  | |||||||||
| 1092 | 1906 | 2 | 28 t | Yakutat and Southern Railroad (Minard Lumber) Nr. 1 | Ist in Yakutat (Alaska) aufgestellt. | |||||||||
| Lokomotiven – bei Heisler Locomotive Works erbaut. | ||||||||||||||
| 1155 | 1909 | 2 | 42 t | Broughton Lumber Nr. 2 | Im Tillamook Air Museum, in Tillamook (Oregon) ausgestellt. |  | ||||||||
| 1198 | 1910 | 2 | 60 t | Curtiss Lumber Company Nr. 2 | Bei der Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad, in Garibaldi (Oregon), in Betrieb. | | ||||||||
| 1225 | 1911 | 2 | 18 t | Richardson Lumber Nr. 1 | Lokomotive mit 914 mm Spurweite, bei Leslie Wilmunder, in Palermo (Kalifornien), wurde privat restauriert. | |||||||||
| 1252 | 1912 | 3 | 78 t | Pickering Lumber Company Nr. 10 | Bei der Mount Rainier Scenic Railroad and Logging Museum, in Elbe (Washington) ausgestellt. |  (c) Joe Mabel, CC BY-SA 3.0 | ||||||||
| 1260 | 1912 | 2 | 36 t | SC&SR Nr. 2 | Bei der Silver Creek and Stephenson Railroad, in Freeport (Illinois). |  | ||||||||
| 1268 | 1913 | 3 | 86 t | Pickering Lumber Company Nr. 5 | Bei der Niles Canyon Railway, in Sunol (Kalifornien) und soll restauriert werden. |  | ||||||||
| 1272 | 1913 | 3 | 86 t | Pickering Lumber Company Nr. 1 | Bei der Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad, in Garibaldi (Oregon). | |||||||||
| 1306 | 1915 | 2 | 40 t | W. H. Eccles Lumber Company Nr. 3 | Lokomotive mit 914 mm Spurweite, bei der Sumpter Valley Railroad, in McEwen (Oregon), in Betrieb. | _(bakDA0073a).jpg) | ||||||||
| 1351 | 1916 | 2 | 47 t | Blake Bros. (Mason Valley) Nr. 1 | Bei Roots of Motive Power, in Willits (Kalifornien), in Betrieb. | |||||||||
| 1364 | 1917 | 2 | 63 t | Craig Mountain Lumber Company Nr. 3 | Bei der Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad, in Garibaldi (Oregon), außer Dienst. | |||||||||
| 1369 | 1918 | 3 | 75 t | Pickering Lumber Company Nr. 2 | Im Travel Town Museum, in Los Angeles (Kalifornien) ausgestellt. | .jpg) | ||||||||
| 1375 | 1918 | 2 | 53 t | Chicago Mill and Lumber Company Nr. 4 | Im Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania ausgestellt. | .jpg) | ||||||||
| 1401 | 1899 | 2 | 37 t | Bei der Roaring Camp and Big Trees Narrow Gauge Railroad, in Felton (Kalifornien), Nr. 2 ist die älteste in Betrieb befindliche Lok. | .jpg) | |||||||||
| 1415 | 1920 | 2 | 22 t | Holly Ridge Lumber Nr. 3 | Bei Dr. Marvin Kendell Estate, in Barnet (Vermont) ausgestellt. | |||||||||
| 1446 | 1920 | 2 | 36 t | Mt. Tamapais & Muir Woods Nr. 9 | Bei der Pacific Lumber Company, in Scotia (Kalifornien) ausgestellt. | |||||||||
| 1450 | 1921 | 2 | 26 t | Bei der Ferrymead Railway, in Christchurch (Neuseeland) im Lokschuppen ausgestellt. | .jpg) | |||||||||
| 1462 | 1922 | 2 | 62 t | Buffelen Lumber Nr. 5 | Bei der Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad, in Centralia (Washington) gelagert. | |||||||||
| 1468 | 1922 | 2 | 22 t | Phenix Marble Nr. 1 | Bei der Passumpsic Railroad, in Barnet (Vermont), in Betrieb. | |||||||||
| 1479 | 1923 | 2 | 55 t | Campbell Limestone Co. Nr. 9 | Im Southeastern Railway Museum, in Duluth (Georgia) ausgestellt. |  | ||||||||
| 1488 | 1923 | 2 | 50 t | NP&TC Nr.2 | Im Northwest Railway Museum, in Snoqualmie (Washington), wird optisch Aufgearbeitet. |  | ||||||||
| 1494 | 1924 | 2 | 24 t | Wurde 2011 restauriert und dann im Shantytown Park, in Greymouth (Neuseeland) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| 1502 | 1924 | 3 | 90 t | Potlatch For Nr. 92 | Im Locomotive Park, in Lewiston (Idaho) ausgestellt. | |||||||||
| 1513 | 1925 | 42 t | Fisher Lumber Nr. 3 | Ist bei der J.M. Jones Lumber Company in Ferriday (Louisiana) und wird im Schuppen einer Sägemühle aufbewahrt. | ||||||||||
| 1565 | 1928 | 3 | 80 t | Madera de Durango Nr. 4 | Bei El Salto (Mexiko) aufgestellt. |  (c) panza.rayada, CC BY-SA 3.0 | ||||||||
| 1589 | 1929 | 2 | 42 t | Forest Products Nr. 2 | Steht im "Jhon Tisdale" Gebäude und steht zum Verkauf. | |||||||||
| 1591 | 1929 | 3 | 90 t | Cass Scenic Railroad Nr. 6 | Jetzt im Cass Scenic Railroad State Park, in Cass (West Virginia), in Betrieb. | _7_(27442561690).jpg) | ||||||||
| 1594 | 1929 | 2 | 32 t | Intl Shoe Co. Nr. 4 | Bei der White Mountain Central Railroad, in Lincoln (New Hampshire), außer Dienst. | |||||||||
| 1607 | 1939 | 3 | 80 t | Middle Fork RR Nr. 7 | Bei der Durbin and Greenbrier Valley Railroad, in Durbin (West Virginia), in Aufarbeitung. | |||||||||
| 1930 | 1929 | 3 | 90 t | WCS (KPM) Nr. 91 | Jetzt bei der Mount Rainier Scenic Railroad and Logging Museum, in Mineral (Washington), in Betrieb. |  | ||||||||
| Lokomotive – bei A & G Price gebaut. | ||||||||||||||
| 148 | 1943 | 2 | Ogilvie and CO. LTD. 148 | Gebaut von A & G Price. Jetzt bei Steam Scene, in Christchurch (Neuseeland), ist die zuletzt gebaute, betriebsfähige Lok diesen Typs. | .jpg) | |||||||||
| Dampfspeicherlokomotiven | ||||||||||||||
| 33 | 1934 | 0-4-0F | T. R. Miller Nr. 33 | In Pensacola (Florida) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| 34 | 1935 | 0-4-0 | Hercules Inc. Nr. 21 | Jetzt im Southern Depot, in Hattiesburg (Mississippi) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| 38 | 1936 | 0-4-0F | 42 t | Sweetline Railroad Nr. 1 | Im "Depot Restaurant", in Caro (Minnesota) ausgestellt. | |||||||||
| 39 | 1937 | 0-6-0F | 65 t | Cleveland Electric Nr. 6 | Im Lake Shore Railway Historical Society, in North East (Pennsylvania), in Betrieb. | |||||||||
| 43 | 0-4-0F | 35 t | Potomac Electric Power Company Nr. 1 | Im Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Museum, in Baltimore (Maryland) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| 47 | 1940 | 0-8-0F | Pennsylvania Power & Light Nr. 4094 | Im Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, in Strasburg (Pennsylvania) ausgestellt. | _2_(26643157533).jpg) | |||||||||
| 54 | 1940 | 0-4-0F | Columbus and Southern Ohio Electric Company Nr. 2 | Seit 2018 im "Age of Steam Roundhouse", in Sugarcreek (Ohio) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| 56 | 1940 | 0-6-0F | 70 t | Union Electric Company Nr. 2 | Im National Museum of Transportation in St. Louis (Missouri) ausgestellt. | |||||||||
| 58 | 1941 | 0-4-0F | B.S. Co. Bethlehem Plant Nr. 111 | Im Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, in Strasburg (Pennsylvania), ist optisch aufgearbeitet. |  | |||||||||
| 60 | 1941 | 0-4-0F | Connecticut Power | Im Rochester and Genesee Valley Railroad Museum, in Rush (New York) ausgestellt. | ||||||||||
| [4][5] | ||||||||||||||
Literatur
William Warden: West Virginia Logging Railroads. TLC Pub, 1996, ISBN 1-883089-03-4.
Einzelnachweise
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Steam locomotive No. 3 hauls a train pulling into the Sumpter Valley Railroad station in Sumpter.
Autor/Urheber: Jitze Couperus from Los Altos Hills, California, USA, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
Here you can see the right side with its single cylinder connected to a central crankshaft - there is a similar cylinder on the other side making this effectively a "V2". This is a Heisler - similar in some aspects to a Shay (optimised for tight curves and steep grades) but a Shay has 3 cylinders on one side rather than one on each side.
Autor/Urheber: Bernard Spragg. NZ from Christchurch, New Zealand, Lizenz: CC0
The Heisler locomotive was the last variant of the three major types of geared steam locomotive, Charles L. Heisler receiving a patent for the design in 1892 following the construction of a prototype in 1891.[1] Somewhat similar to a Climax locomotive, Heisler's design featured two cylinders canted inwards at a 45-degree angle to form a 'V-twin' arrangement. Power then went to a longitudinal drive shaft in the center of the frame that drove the outboard axle on each powered truck through bevel gears in an enclosed gearcase riding on the axle between the truck frames. The inboard axle on each truck was then driven from the outboard one by external side (connecting) rods.
Built in 1943 by A & G Price of Thames in the North Island to the order of Ogilvie & Co., Gladstone, Westland it ran on their extensive bush tramway until 1958. Approximately 3,500 man hours have been spent on its restoration over a 4 year period. Weight of the loco is 20 tons and the ‘V' type engine has cylinders 10” diameter by 9” stroke and the valve gear actuates piston valves. Boiler pressure is 150 psi and approximately 1 ton of coal is carried in the bunker and 450 gallons of water in the side tanks.Autor/Urheber: James St. John, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
This is a coal-burning, Heisler-type, geared steam locomotive that pulls modern tourist trains for the Cass Scenic Railroad and the Durbin and Greenbrier Valley Railroad in West Virginia, USA. The engine was built in 1929 and initially used as Meadow River Railroad # 6. It is seen here waiting for push a tourist passenger train in Durbin, West Virginia in May 2016.
Heisler-type locomotives had a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders that rotated a centrally-located, longitudinal drive shaft just beneath the engine.Autor/Urheber: Javandyck, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Heisler found on what I think are Port of Tillamook (Oregon) Bay Rails.
Autor/Urheber: David Maciulaitis from Auckland, New Zealand, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
DSC_0112
Bethlehem Steel Company No. 111 fireless locomotive at the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, east of Strasburg, Pennsylvania. Type 0-4-0F. Built by Heisler Locomotive Works, Erie, Pennsylvania in April 1941—one of their last locomotives before closing. Retired etwa 1972 . Weight of engine 35 tons, length 26 feet, tractive effort 11,800 pounds.
Borate and Daggett No 2 'Francis' in Mule Canyon on way to Borate
Autor/Urheber: Gary Lee Todd, Ph.D., Lizenz: CC0
Southeastern Railway Museum, Duluth, Georgia. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.
Autor/Urheber: David Maciulaitis from Auckland, New Zealand, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
Price 113 & Heisler 1450 - Ferrymead - 26/10/201
Autor/Urheber: Hugh Llewelyn , Lizenz: CC BY-SA 2.0
Great Lakes Carbon fireless 0-4-0 No.7 at the National Museum of Transport, St Louis, 8/70.
(c) Joe Mabel, CC BY-SA 3.0
A geared Heisler steam locomotive, #1252, built in 1912, no longer operational, on display by the rail station at Elbe, Washington. Owned by the Mount Rainier Scenic Railroad (MRSC). It was operated by the Pickering Lumber Company and was known as "PLC #10"; MRSC has renamed it 'R.J. "Bud" Kelly'.
Autor/Urheber: born1945 from Hillsboro, Oregon, USA, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
Taken at Rockaway Beach, Oregon.
Autor/Urheber: Klaus Nahr from Germany, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 2.0
USA 2012 0226 - Los Angeles - Travel Town
Autor/Urheber: James St. John, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
This is a rare Heisler-type geared steam locomotive in the collection of the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania in the town of Strasburg. The engine was built in 1918 by the Heisler Locomotive Works. It was used by various lumber companies before being retired from service in the mid-1960s.
From museum signage: "When North Carolina logging line operator F.A. Addington approached the Brooks Locomotive Works of Dunkirk, New York, for a new locomotive in 1891, the project was handed to mechanical engineer Charles Heisler. When a later change in management forced Heisler and his design out of the company, he looked elsewhere for a firm to manufacture his locomotives. Burnham, Perry and Williams, better known as the Baldwin Locomotive Works, referred Heisler to the Stearns Manufacturing Company in Erie, Pennsylvania. Stearns was already well known and respected for their stationary steam engines and saw mill components. Although the name of the company came to reflect the inventor, Stearn's own employee, George Swabb, deserved credit for perfecting Heisler's design and making it a success.
The Heisler was set apart from other geared engines by three features. First was its "V" type motor engine that uses two steam pistons to turn a central drive shaft to the two trucks. Second was the use of connecting rods on the outside of the truck frames to power the second axle. Lastly, the use of a heavy-cast gear case protected the gears and ensured the longevity of the locomotive. This protection made the Heisler much more suited for mining and quarry operations than locomotives offered by other builders.
Like many geared locomotives, this Heisler worked for several different owners throughout its lifetime. Designed for specific tasks, the machines often outlived the project or the company for which they were made. Built for the W.T. Smith Lumber Company in Chapman, Alabama, as Number 10 in 1918, the engine was subsequently sold to Angelina Hardwood of Ferriday, Louisiana and finallly the Chicago Mill and Lumber Company in Tallulah, Louisiana. Looking to add representatives of each of Pennsylvania's major builders to the collection, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission purchased the locomotive in 1965 for the newly formed Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania. It was the first locomotive purchased by the state for the museum and is one of only 35 products of the company known to survive today."Autor/Urheber: Steven Pavlov, Lizenz: CC0
2-truck Heisler #4 was built in 1923 by the Heisler Locomotive Works, Erie, PA. It Last operated in 1958, when it was sold to Charles Morrow of Snoqualmie. He sold it to the Northwest Railway Museum in 1967.
Autor/Urheber: Thorsten Lindner, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Heisler steam locomotive, #1252, at the rail station Elbe, Washington.
Autor/Urheber: Manfred Kopka, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Mount Rainier Scenic Railroad Nummer 91 auf der SteamExpo 86 in Vancouver
Autor/Urheber: James St. John, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
This is an unusual locomotive - it does not burn wood or coal or diesel fuel. It does not receive electricity from overhead wires or from batteries. This is an 0-8-0F fireless steam locomotive - a "fireless cooker". It "fuels" up on steam and hot water, which is stored in the large reservoir in front of the cab. The unit was built by Heisler Locomotive Works in September 1939 - it is the world's largest-ever fireless steam engine. The unit was retired from service in 1969. It has been restored and is now on display at the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania in the town of Strasburg.
Museum info.: "Large industries rely heavily on the railroads to supply raw materials and transport finished goods. Additionally, large mills and factories require constant switching of cars for loading and unloading. Rather than pay the railroads for this costly service, many companies purchase small switch engines, hire their own crews, and perform the work themselves. in some locations, such as power plants, steel mills, and other heavy industries, boiler houses provide a ready source of steam for heating or machinery. This same steam can also be used to run a locomotive.
Fireless steam locomotives such as this receive their fuel from a stationary boiler. Like a thermos bottle on wheels, enough steam is stored in the engine's tank to operate for several hours without refueling. Because this type of locomotive did not require a fire, it could also be used in munitions factories, textile mills, or hauling flammable materials in close quarters.
Heisler built this fireless locomotive for display at the 1940 New York World's Fair to showcase the quality of their work. Outfitted with a streamlined shroud and ornamented with chrome-plated bell and air horn, it was easily the largest and most extravagant fireless locomotive ever built. At the conclusion of the fair, the locomotive was delivered to the Hammermill Paper Company in Erie, Pennsylvania. Its 95 ton weight proved too much for Hammermill's rails, however, and it was soon purchased by the Pennsylvania Power and Light Company in July 1941 It was renumbered "D" and was put to work switching coal hopper cars at the Hauto electricity generating plant located near Tamaqua, Pennsylvania. The engine remained in service at that plant until 1969.
The locomotive arrived at the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania in February of 1970. In 2002, the museum completed the cosmetic restoration of the fireless locomotive. Based on paint evidence uncovered during the restoration, the museum restoration shop returned the engine to the 1940s-era blue paint livery that it first wore for Pennsylvania Power & Light."Autor/Urheber: NateBeal, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
back area of niles canyon a heisler and a shay at rest
Autor/Urheber: James St. John, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
This is a coal-burning, Heisler-type, geared steam locomotive that pulls modern tourist trains for the Cass Scenic Railroad and the Durbin and Greenbrier Valley Railroad in West Virginia, USA. The engine was built in 1929 and initially used as Meadow River Railroad # 6. It is seen here switching cars in Durbin, West Virginia in May 2016.
Heisler-type locomotives had a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders that rotated a centrally-located, longitudinal drive shaft just beneath the engine.