Großer Schneckenspinner
| Großer Schneckenspinner | ||||||||||||
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_The_Festoon_(Apoda_limacodes)_(28019329622).jpg) Großer Schneckenspinner (Apoda limacodes) | ||||||||||||
| Systematik | ||||||||||||
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| Wissenschaftlicher Name | ||||||||||||
| Apoda limacodes | ||||||||||||
| (Hufnagel, 1766) |
Der Große Schneckenspinner (Apoda limacodes) (wörtlich übersetzt: „Nacktschneckenartiger Ohnefuß“) ist ein Schmetterling (Nachtfalter) aus der Familie der Schneckenspinner (Limacodidae).
Beschreibung
Die Falter erreichen eine Flügelspannweite von 20 bis 30 Millimetern, wobei die Weibchen etwas größer werden. Sie haben kurze und breite, hellbraun (Männchen) oder hell-ockergelb (Weibchen) gefärbte Vorderflügel. Auf denen der Männchen findet sich je eine scharf abgegrenzte trapezförmige, dunkle oder helle Fläche, in der zwei wie der Rest der Flügel gefärbte Dreiecke zu finden sind, die sich an einer Spitze berühren, bei den Weibchen sind nur die Konturen dieser Flächen dunkel, sonst haben sie die gleiche Farbe der Flügel. Die Hinterflügel der Männchen sind dunkler gefärbt als deren Vorderflügel.[1]
Die Raupen werden ca. 15 Millimeter lang und haben einen flachen, einer Assel oder Schnecke ähnlichen Körperbau. Sie sind grün mit zahlreichen gelben Punkten und links und rechts vom Rücken mit einem gelben Längsstreifen mit kleinen roten Punkten darin.[1]
Ähnliche Arten
- Kleiner Schneckenspinner (Heterogenea asella)
Vorkommen
Die Tiere kommen in Europa außer im hohen Norden und in Teilen der Iberischen Halbinsel fast überall und häufig vor und leben in Eichenmischwäldern und anderen Gegenden mit Eichenbewuchs, wie z. B. in Gärten.[1]
Lebensweise
Die nachtaktiven Falter, die nur selten am Tag aktiv sind, fliegen in einer Generation von Mitte Juni bis Ende Juli.[2] Die Raupen haben keine Bauchbeine, sondern eine Kriechsohle, mit der sie sich ähnlich wie Schnecken mit wellenförmigen Bewegungen kriechend auf einer Schleimschicht fortbewegen können. Man findet sie meist auf glatten Blättern, auf denen sie guten Halt finden. Behaarte Blätter werden gemieden. Die Raupen produzieren im Herbst immer weniger Schleim, bis sie schließlich zu Boden fallen. Dort spinnen sie dann zwischen Laub einen sehr festen, braunen Kokon, in dem sie sich im Frühjahr verpuppen.[1]
Nahrung der Raupen
Die Raupen ernähren sich von den Blättern verschiedener Laubbäume, besonders von Stieleichen (Quercus robur), anderen Eichenarten, Hainbuchen (Carpinus betulus), Rotbuchen (Fagus sylvatica) und Bergahorn (Acer pseudoplatanus).[1]
Parasitoide
Als Parasitoide des Großen Schneckenspinners sind bekannt:[3]
- Dolichogenidea lacteicolor (Brackwespe, Unterfamilie Microgastrinae)
- Phobocampe alticollis (Schlupfwespe, Unterfamilie Campopleginae)
- Sphinctus serotinus (Schlupfwespe, Unterfamilie Tryphoninae)
- Triraphis tricolor (Brackwespe, Unterfamilie Rogadinae)
Galerie
Paarung
vermutlich vorletztes Raupenstadium
letztes Raupenstadium
Raupe, Ventralansicht
Quellen
Einzelnachweise
- ↑ a b c d e Heiko Bellmann: Der neue Kosmos-Schmetterlingsführer, Schmetterlinge, Raupen und Futterpflanzen. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-440-09330-1, S. 46.
- ↑ Günter Ebert: Die Schmetterlinge Baden-Württembergs. 1. Auflage. Band 3. Nachtfalter I. Wurzelbohrer (Hepialidae), Holzbohrer (Cossidae), Widderchen (Zygaenidae), Schneckenspinner (Limacodidae), Sackträger (Psychidae), Fensterfleckchen (Thyrididae). Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3472-1, S. 338.
- ↑ Mark Robert Shaw, Jeroen Voogd: Illustrated notes on the biology of Sphinctus serotinus Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera, Tryphoninae, Sphinctini). In: Journal of Hymenoptera Research 49. 28. April 2016, S. 81–93, abgerufen am 22. September 2022 (englisch).
Weblinks
- www.lepiforum.de
- Apoda limacodes bei Fauna Europaea. Abgerufen am 27. Februar 2011
- www.schmetterling-raupe.de
- Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (englisch)
- Ian Kimber: Guide to the moths of Great Britain and Ireland (englisch)
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Autor/Urheber: Ben Sale from UK, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
France Trip - Las Descargues - 27/06/16 to 01/07/16 - Part One - Macro's Hello all. I recently got back from a really enjoyable 5 nights of Moth trapping, Butterfly and Bird watching in the Midi-Pyrenees. I went with good friends Roger and Steve whom accompany me on many trips out in our County or Hertfordshire. It was decided at the end of last year that we should go for a short week away to sample some of the Moths that would be on offer in South-Wast France.
The article below is copied from Robin Howard's Lot Moths website. He describes it perfectly so didn't feel the need to re-write it!
"The Gite that we stayed in lies in a stunningly beautiful part of the Haute Quercy in the Lot southwest France. Located at the end of a ridge overlooking the Bave Valley it is surrounded by rolling, wooded hills, deep, river-cut gorges and on the nearby Causse, limestone pavement. The proximity of the limestone Causse de Gramat and volcanic Massif Central have produced a complex local geology that has formed the basis for a mosaic of habitats supporting a diverse flora with a rich moth and butterfly fauna. Over 1820 species have been recorded so far from the immediate area with more than 1600 species taken from the environs of the farm alone. Mercury vapour and actinic traps are run throughout the year in and around the farm with weekly forays made onto the limestone pavement and local poplar plantations, whilst the nearby volcanic peaks are regularly visited during the summer months for the more esoteric species. For further information regarding holidays and research opportunities at our farm and for a full description of the area and available accommodation please visit our sister site at www.lasdescargues.com or email us for a comprehensive information pack".
Robin and Sue are both fantastic hosts and could not do enough for you, I urge anyone to go there and experience the amazing wildlife that is on offer there.
The species site list is in excess of an incredible 2000 species of Moth! In 16 years that is incredible, and shows how special this habitat really is.
Our target was 300 species and with over 200 Macro's we may just get to the 300 mark with the Micro's still to sort.
We ran 2 static traps in the garden (Both MV 125s) and I brought my 160w MBT Blended bulb on a tripod. We then had access to a further two traps, an MV Robinson and an Actinic Midi-Robinson which we could take further afield, in fact we tried three further sites.
Macro Moths listed so far... Species in red are completely new to me The Micro's are still pending and a lot are so far unnamed!
212 Species
Adactylotis contaminaria Alchymist Alder Kitten Alder Moth Alychmist Anaplectoides prasina Angle Shades Angle-striped Sallow Atypha pulmonaris Balsam Carpet Barred Hook-tip Barred Red Barred Yellow (only at Causse) Beautiful Golden-Y Beautiful Hook-tip Bird's Wing Black Arches Black V-moth Blood-vein Bordered Beauty Bright-line Brown-eye Brimstone Moth Brindled White-spot Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing Broken-barred Carpet Brown Rustic Brown Silver-lines Brussels Lace Buff Arches Buff Ermine Buff Footman Buff-tip Burnished Brass Caradrina aspersa Chequered Wave Clay Fan-foot Clouded Border Clouded Magpie Clouded Silver Common Carpet Common Emerald Common Footman Common Wainscot Common White Wave Coronet Cream Wave Cream-spot Tiger Dagger sp Dark Arches Dark Umber Delicate Dingy Footman Double Square-spot Double-striped Pug Dun-bar Dwarf Cream Wave Eastern Bordered Straw Elephant Hawk-moth Engrailed sp Fan-foot Feathered Footman Festoon Fiery Clearwing Flame Flame Shoulder Four-dotted Footman (only at Causse) Four-spotted Footman Fox Moth Foxglove Pug Gnophos furcatus Goat Moth Grass Emerald Great Oak Beauty Green Arches Green Pug Green Silver-lines Grey Arches Grey Pug Grey-pine Carpet Guernsey Underwing Handmaid Heart & Club Heart & Dart Heart Moth Herald Hoary Footman Hoplodrina respersa Horse Chestnut Humming-bird Hawk-moth Idaea deversaria Idaea macilentaria Idaea moniliata Idia calvaria Iron Prominent Isle of Wight Wave Ivory Footman Jubilee Fan-foot Lace Border Lackey Lamprosticta culta Large Emerald Large Yellow Underwing Latin Latticed Heath Least Carpet Least Carpet Leopard Moth Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing Lesser Cream Wave Lesser Swallow Prominent Lesser Treble-bar Lesser Yellow Underwing Lewes Wave Light Emerald Lilac Beauty Lobster Moth Lycophotia erythrina Marbled Brown Marbled Minor Marbled White-spot Mediterranean lace border Miller Minor Shoulder-knot Mottled Rustic Nut-tree Tussock Oak Hawk-moth Oak Hook-tip Orache Moth Orange Footman Orange Moth Pale Mottled Willow Pale Oak Beauty Pale Oak Beauty Pale Shoulder Passenger Peach Blossom Pebble Prominent Pebble Prominent Peppered Moth Perigune narbonea Perizoma lugdunaria Petrophora narbonea Phalera bucephaloides Pine Hawk-moth Pine Processionary Pine-tree Lappet Plain Wave Plum Lappet Poplar Lappet Portland Riband Wave Powdered Rustic Privet Hawk-moth Purple Bar Red-necked Footman Rhodostrophia calabra Riband Wave Rosy Footman Rosy Marbled Ruby Tiger Rufous Minor Rustic Scallop Shell Scarce Blackneck Scarce Footman Scarce Merveille du-jour Scarce Silver-lines Scarlet Tiger Scorched Carpet Scorched Wing September Thorn Setaceous Hebrew Character Shaded Annulet Shaded Fan-foot Shark Shears Short-cloaked Moth (only at Causse) Silver-Y Single-dotted Wave Single-dotted Wave Small Angle Shades Small Blood-vein Small Dusty Wave Small Emerald Small Fan-foot Small Fan-footed Wave Small Purple-barred Small Ranunculus Small White Wave Snout Southern Wainscot Speckled Beauty Speckled Yellow Spectacle Straw Belle Swallow-tailed Moth Swarthy Annulet Tawny Prominent Tawny Wave Tawny-barred Angle Tephronia sepiaria Toadflax Brocade Treble Brown Spot Turnip Moth Uncertain Vine's Rustic V-moth V-Pug White Ermine White-point Willow Beauty Yellow Shell
Yellow-tail
Autor/Urheber: Ge van 't Hoff, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
festoon ( "Apoda limacodes" )
Autor/Urheber: Ge van 't Hoff, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
the festoon larvae ( "Apoda limacodes" )
Autor/Urheber: Beentree, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Apoda limacodes, Ślimakówka pomrowik, Brok, Polska
_The_Festoon_(Apoda_limacodes)_(14393678179).jpg)
Autor/Urheber: Ben Sale from UK, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
On Thursday night I joined Graham Bailey and Don Down and a few others for our contribution to national moth night(s)
It had been a whole year nearly since I last came down this way, and it was nice to be back.
The trapping conditions looked pretty good, we did not have the cloud cover that I was blessed with on the previous night in Bedfordshire, but the temperatures were very warm and for the rest of the evening it stayed warm.
We set up 7 traps in high anticipation of a bucket load of moths. Unfortunately it wasn't to be. The moths (particularly the macro's) were very slow turning up to the lamps.
And even after a full two hours, apart from nearly 40 species of micro moths we had only noted around 15 macro species!
What on earth was going wrong!
Luckily all was not lost as we did manage the target species, all 4 of them... the elusive Olive Crescent which is only know from a few sites nationwide, this being one of them and naturally i'd rather protect the sites identity from possible collector's!
It was also nice to see a few Festoons which were really freshly hatched.
Along with the Olive Crescent, there were plenty of Lead-coloured Pugs and Opsibotys fuscalis, all three species being new for me
Catch Report - 03/07/14 - Essex - 1x 125w MV Robinson Trap, 1x 160w MBT Robinson Trap & 1x 80w Actinic Suitcase Trap.
Numbers below are approximate
50 Macros and 57 Micros ( 107 species)
Macro Moths
4x Black Arches
3x Brimstone Moth
2x Buff Arches
2x Buff Ermine
10x Buff Footman
2x Buff-tip
5x Clouded Border
10x Clouded Silver
2x Common Carpet
2x Common Emerald
3x Common Footman
1x Common Marbled Carpet
2x Common White Wave
3x Double Square-spot
2x Dun-bar
3x Engrailed
1x Festoon
1x Flame
2x Flame Carpet
2x Flame Shoulder
1x Green Pug
2x Green Silver-lines
2x July Highflyer
1x Large Emerald
3x Lead-coloured Pug [NEW!]
2x Marbled Minor
3x Marbled White Spot
5x Mottled Beauty
3x Olive Crescent [NEW!]
5x Orange Moth
2x Peach Blossom
1x Peacock Moth
2x Peppered Moth
5x Riband Wave
5x Rosy Footman
2x Scarce Footman
1x Scorched Carpet
2x Scorched Wing
10x Single-dotted Wave
2x Slender Brindle
3x Small Fan-foot
20+ Small Fan-footed Wave
1x Small White Wave
1x Small Yellow Wave
2x Snout
3x Swallow-tailed Moth
1x Tawny-barred Angle
2x Treble Brown Spot
5x Uncertain
1x Yellow Shell
Micro Moths
1x Blastobasis lacticolella
1x Orthopygia glaucinalis
2x Endotricha flammealis
1x Batia unitella
1x Batia lunaris
1x Incurvaria oehlmanniella
1x Caloptilia robustella
2x Parachronistis albiceps
5x Celypha lacunana
2x Eudonia mercurella
2x Tortrix viridana
1x Ditula angustiorana
2x Epagoge grotiana
10x Carcina quercana
15+ Aleimma loeflingiana
5x Gypsonoma dealbana
1x Stigmella aurella
10x Zeiraphera isertana
1x Coleophora sp
5x Chrysoteuchia culmella
2x Hedya pruniana
1x Ypsolopha ustella
1x Ypsolopha dentella
1x Aphomia sociella
2x Celypha striana
2x Archips crataegana
5x Conobathra repandana
2x Cydia splendana
5x Epinotia brunnichana
2x Scoparia ambigualis
1x Catoptria pinella
2x Batrachedra praenangusta
3x Teleoides luculella
2x Epiblema uddmanniana
2x Cnephasia sp
1x Hofmannophila pseudospretella
5x Argyresthia brockeella
2x Pseudargyrotoza conwagana
1x Emmetia marginea
2x Acleris kochiella
1x Amblyptilia acanthadactyla
2x Archips xylosteana
2x Udea prunalis
2x Pandemis cerasana
1x Pandemis heparana
2x Eurrhypara hortulata
2x Yponomeuta evonymella
2x Archips podana
1x Crambus pascuella
2x Spilonota ocellana
1x Epinotia biluna
1x Apotomis betuletana
3x Apotomis turbidana
1x Caloptilia populetorum
1x Epinotia nanana
4x Opsibotys fuscalis [NEW!]
2x Spatalistis bifasciana
1x Epinotia demarniana
_The_Festoon_(Apoda_limacodes)_(6019071511).jpg)
Autor/Urheber: Ben Sale from UK, Lizenz: CC BY 2.0
Grays Chalk Pit, Essex - 26/07/11