Cylindraspis

Cylindraspis
Schädel einer Cylindraspis-Art von Mauritius.

Schädel einer Cylindraspis-Art von Mauritius.

Zeitliches Auftreten
? bis Holozän
Fundorte
Systematik
ohne Rang:Amnioten (Amniota)
ohne Rang:Sauropsida
Ordnung:Schildkröten (Testudines)
Unterordnung:Halsberger-Schildkröten (Cryptodira)
Familie:Landschildkröten (Testudinidae)
Gattung:Cylindraspis
Wissenschaftlicher Name
Cylindraspis
Fitzinger, 1835

Cylindraspis ist eine Gattung ausgestorbener Riesenschildkröten auf der Inselgruppe der Maskarenen. Als diese Schildkröten zuerst entdeckt wurden, hatten die Inseln der Maskarenen sehr große Schildkrötenpopulationen. Diese wurden nach Beginn der menschlichen Besiedlung stark genutzt und eventuell dadurch ausgerottet. Andere zusätzlich mögliche Gründe wären eingeschleppte Ratten oder Raubtiere.

Der Panzer der Riesenschildkröten der Maskarenen war teilweise zurückgebildet. Das liegt sicherlich einerseits am größeren Abstand zum Festland, der eine längere eigenständige Evolution erlaubte als auf den Seychellen, andererseits daran, dass diese Inseln raubtierfrei waren und dadurch der Panzer unnötig war.

Artenliste

Es gab die folgenden fünf Cylindraspis-Arten:

  • Cylindraspis indica, Réunion-Riesenschildkröte, aus Réunion
  • Cylindraspis inepta, Mauritius-Sattelrücken-Riesenschildkröte, aus Mauritius
  • Cylindraspis peltastes, Rodrigues-Riesenschildkröte, aus Rodrigues
  • Cylindraspis triserrata, Mauritius-Riesenschildkröte, aus Mauritius
  • Cylindraspis vosmaeri, Rodrigues-Sattelrücken-Riesenschildkröte, aus Rodrigues

Galerie

Literatur

  • Jeremy J. Austin, E. Nicholas Arnold: Ancient mitochondrial DNA and morphology elucidate an extinct island radiation of Indian Ocean giant tortoises (Cylindraspis). In: Proceedings of the Royal Society. Series B: Biological Sciences. Bd. 268, Nr. 1485, 2001, ISSN 0950-1193, S. 2515–2523, doi:10.1098/rspb.2001.1825.

Weblinks

Commons: Cylindraspis – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien

MauritianGiantTortoiseSkull-PeterMaas.png
Autor/Urheber: , Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
A skull of an axtinct giant tortoise from Mauritius (Cylindraspis sp.). It is/was on display at a Dodo Expedition exhibition at the National Museum of Natural History 'Naturalis' in Leiden, the Netherlands (object MAS 2005-3).
Parrot hunting on Mauritius.jpg
The Dutch on Mauritius in 1598, depicted hunting parrots (possibly including Psittacula bensoni). The cassowary-like birds are erroneous depictions of Dodos.
View of the Mauritius roadstead - engraving.jpg

Copper engraving from 'Het Tweede Boeck' (made in the Netherlands) showing Dutch activities on the shore of Mauritius during the 1598 voyage of Admiral Jacob van Neck, as well as the first published depictions of a dodo (2) and a broad-billed parrot (5), both now extinct. From image:

  1. Zijn Schiltpadden sonder Vleughels. (These are turtles without wings.)
  2. Desen Voghel die is soo groot als een Swaen/ gaven hem den naem Walchvoghel/ want doen wy de leckere Duyfkens ende ander cleyn ghevoghelte ghenoech vinghen/ doen taelden wy niet meer naer desen Voghel. (This bird is as large as a swan / gave it the name Loathing Bird / for when we had caught the delicious doves and other small birds / we no longer craved this bird.)
  3. Een Palmboom/ welckers bladeren soo groot zijn dat eenen hem daer mede can beschutten voor den reghen en Sonne. (A palm tree / of which the leaves are so large that one can protect you against the rain and sun.)
  4. Dit is een Voghel ghenoemt Rabos Forcados, hebbende een steert inde ghedaente van een snyders scheere alsmense yt reckte ende inde lengde trock/ waren sy een vadem lanck. (This is a bird named Rabos Forcados, having a tail in the shape of a cutter's knife; if you stretched them out and pulled them lengthwise they were a fathom long.)
  5. Een Voghel die wy den Indische Raven noemden/ zijnde zo groot als een Papegaey van duederley coleuren. (A bird which we called the Indian Raven / being as large as a parrot of manifold colours.)
  6. Desen boom hebben wy een Compertiment aengemaeckt met drie Wapens/ Hollant/ Zeelant/ ende Amsterdam. (On this tree we made a compartment with three coats of arms / Holland / Sealand / and Amsterdam.)
  7. Van desen Palmites Boom hadden ons volck seer goede ververssinge/ want dit stucken gheteeckent met Letter A. was seer goet voor be scheurbuyck/ ende goede ververfinghe voor ons. (Of this palm tree our people had very good refreshments / for this piece signed with the letter A was very good against scurvy / and a good refreshment for us.)
  8. Een Vleermuys seer groot/ hebbende thoeft als een Meercat/ vonden deser seer veel/ banghen haer aldus aende boomen. (A bat, very large / having the head of a meerkat / found this very often / thus hanging on the trees.)
  9. Hier smeden wy onse yserwerck dat wy van doen hadden / stelden voor onse Smit een Smisse op/ ende timmerden een nieuwe Boot in plaets van die verloren was. (Here we forged our ironwork which we had to do / erected for our blacksmith a smithy / and built a new boat instead of the one that was lost.)
  10. Zijn seker Hutten ghemaeckt voor die ghene die aen Lant bleven te arbeyden om den Smit ende Cuyper te helpen. (Certainly huts were made for those who stayed working on land to help the blacksmith and the cooper.)
  11. Hier hieltmen des Sondaechs predicatie/ des voormiddaechs de een belft/ en als die te scheep waren/ is voer de ander belft des namiddaechs wederom een predicatie ghedaen. Hier worde Lauwerens (gheboren opt Eylant Madagascar) ghedoopt/ met noch anderen/ na dat sy belydenis haers gheloofs ghedaen hadden. (Here the sunday service was held/ in the morning the first half/ and when they were on board the ship/ another service was held for the other half. Here Lawrence (born on the island Madagascar) was baptized / with several others / after they had spoken their confessions of faith.)
  12. Hier waren wy visschende/ vanghende so veel Vis dat wy met een hael anderbalf Ton vulden. (Here we were fishing / catching so much Fish that with one haul we filled one-and-a-half barrel.)
Cylindraspis vosmaeri.jpg

Cylindraspis vosmaeri. Tiere der Urwelt

(Creatures of the Primitive World) Series 2 Card 12
Cylindraspis indica 1792.png
Engraving from Johann David Schoepf: Historia Testudinum iconibus illustrata (1792). It shows the Réunion Giant Tortoise (Cylindraspis indica = Testudo Indica Perrault).
Centenaire de la fondation du Muséum d'histoire naturelle 10 juin 1793 - 10 juin 1893 - volume commémoratif (1893) (19965220184).jpg
Autor/Urheber: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (France), Lizenz: No restrictions

Title: Centenaire de la fondation du Muséum d'histoire naturelle 10 juin 1793 - 10 juin 1893 : volume commémoratif
Identifier: centenairedelafo00musu (find matches)
Year: 1893 (1890s)
Authors: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (France)
Subjects: Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (France); Natural history
Publisher: Paris : Imprimeria Nationale
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Note About Images

Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.
Cylindraspis vosmaeri 1792.png
Engraving from Johann David Schoepf: Historia Testudinum iconibus illustrata (1792). It shows the carapace of the Saddle-backed Rodrigues Giant Tortoise (Cylindraspis vosmaeri = Testudo Indica Vosmaer).
Cylindraspis skulls.jpg
Skull of Cylindraspis sp (8), skull of Cylindraspis inepta (7), skull of Cylindraspis triserrata (8).
Cylindraspis peltastes 1770.png
A living Domed Rodrigues Giant Tortoise (Cylindraspis peltastes)