Clan Hay
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Hay ist der Name eines schottischen Clans, der eine wichtige Rolle in der schottischen Geschichte und Politik gespielt hat. Mitglieder des Clans können in den meisten Teilen Schottlands und in vielen anderen Teilen der Welt gefunden werden. Das Herz der Hay-Familie liegt im Nordosten Schottlands, in Aberdeenshire, Banffshire, Morayshire und Nairnshire, während auch andere Distrikte wie Perthshire, die Scottish Borders und die Shetlandinseln eine hohe Zahl Mitglieder aufweisen.
Geschichte
Der Name des Clans geht auf mehrere Dörfer auf der Cotentin-Halbinsel in der Normandie zurück, die La Haye genannt wurden.[2][3] Das Wort haye stammt von haia (übersetzt: Hecke) und wird heute in Frankreich haie geschrieben.[2] Es kann theoretisch auch „Palisade“ gemeint sein,[3] aber aufgrund der für die Normandie charakteristische Heckenlandschaft (Bocage)[4], wird diese Übersetzung hier eher vernachlässigt. Die ursprünglich französische Bezeichnung de la Haye[5] erscheint in lateinischen Texten als de Haya[3][6][7] und entwickelte sich so allmählich im Englischen zu Hay[3][7] und wurde als Garadh bzw. MacGaradh ins Gälische übertragen.[3][7] Laut George Fraser Black war MacGaradh (die gälische Form von Hay) nur eine Erfindung von John Hay Allan, auch bekannt als John Sobieski Stuart, Autor des fragwürdigen Vestiarium Scoticum[8]
Der schottische Clan lässt sich zurückverfolgen auf William de Haya (Guillaume de La Haye; † um 1201), der an Hof von Malcolm IV. und Wilhelm I. Karriere machte und 1178 von Letzterem mit der feudalen Baronie Erroll in Perthshire belehnt wurde.
Chief
Heutiger Chief des Clan Hay ist seit 1978 Merlin Hay, 24. Earl of Erroll.[9]
Stammliste
Adelstitel
Mitglieder des Clan Hay führten bzw. führen folgende britische Adelstitel:
- Peerage of Scotland
- Marquess of Tweeddale (1694)
- Earl of Erroll (1452)
- Earl of Kinnoull (1633)
- Earl of Tweeddale (1646)
- Earl of Gifford (1694)
- Viscount of Dupplin (1627)
- Viscount of Walden (1694)
- Lord Hay (1430)
- Lord Hay of Yester (1488)
- Lord Hay of Kinfauns (1627)
- Peerage of England
- Earl of Carlisle (1622)
- Viscount Doncaster (1618)
- Baron Denny (1604)
- Baron Hay (of Sawley) (1615)
- Peerage of Great Britain
- Baron Hay (of Pedwardine) (1711)
- Peerage of the United Kingdom
- Baron Kilmarnock (1831)
- Baron Tweeddale (1881)
- Baron Hay of Ballyore (Life Peerage, 2014)
- Baronetage of Nova Scotia
- Hay Baronet, of Smithfield (1635)
- Hay Baronet, of Park (1663)
- Hay Baronet, of Linplum (1667)
- Moncreiffe/Hay Baronet, of Moncreiffe (1685)
- Hay Baronet, of Alderston (1703)
- Baronetage of Great Britain
- Dalrymple-Hay Baronet, of Park Place (1798)
Schlösser
- Delgatie Castle, Aberdeenshire, wurde dem Clan Hay nach der Schlacht von Bannockburn im Jahre 1314 geschenkt.
New Slains Castle, Aberdeenshire, befand sich im Besitz des Clans von 1597 bis 1916.[10]- (Old Slains Castle, Aberdeenshire, Ruine)
- Dupplin Castle, bei Perth, Perth and Kinross
- Duns Castle, Berwickshire
- Inshoch Castle, Nairnshire
Megginch Castle, bei Perth, Perth and Kinross- Neidpath Castle, Peebles, Ruine
Park Castle, Dumfries and Galloway
Yester Castle, East Lothian
Wappen der Linien von Hay
 of Erroll |  of Leys |  of Seafield |  of Fudie |  of Cardenie | |||||
 of Urie |  of Alderston |  of Dalgety |  of Megginch |  of Leith | |||||
 of Park |  of Naughton |  of Strowie |  of Pitfour |  of Newhall | |||||
 of Laxfirth |  of Letham | ||||||||
 of Boyne |  of Locherworth |  of Broxmouth | |||||||
 of Tweeddale |  of Yester |  of Linplum |  of Smithfield and Haystoun | ||||||
 of Kinnoull |  | ||||||||
 of Leys |  of Pitfour |  of Seggieden | |||||||
 |  of Errol |  of Tweeddale |
Trivia
Die schwäbische Uradelsfamilie Urslingen führte einen gleichen Wappenschild, ebenso die von Rappoltstein.
Literatur
- George F. Black: The Surnames of Scotland. Their Origin, Meaning, and History. Reprinted edition. New York Public Library, New York NY 1946.
- John Keegan: Six Armies in Normandy. From D-day to the Liberation of Paris. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth u. a. 1983, ISBN 0-14-005293-3.
- Marquess de Ruvigny: Hay, Marquess of Tweeddale. In: James Balfour Paul (Hrsg.): The Scots Peerage. Band 8: Somerville–Winton. David Douglas, Edinburgh 1911, S. 416–474 (englisch, Textarchiv – Internet Archive).
- Dana F. Sutton: Hector Boethius, Scotorum Historia (1575 version). A hypertext critical edition. 2010, (online). Abgerufen am 5. November 2016.
- Dana F. Sutton: George Buchanan, Rerum Scoticarum Historia (1582). A hypertext critical edition. 2003, revised 2009, (online). Abgerufen am 5. November 2016.
- Peter Townend (Hrsg.): Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. 105th edition. Burke's Peerage, London 1970.
- Anthony R. Wagner: The Origin of the Hays of Erroll. In: The Genealogist's Magazine. 11, 1954, ISSN 0016-6391, S. 535–40, und 12, 1955, S. 1–6.
- Donald Whyte: Scottish Surnames and Families. Birlinn, Edinburgh 1996, ISBN 1-874744-39-4.
Weblinks
- Clan Hay Society–Offizielle Website
- Clan Hay Society (ehem. offizielle Clan Hay Website–ca. 1998–2010)
- Clan Hay Society–Amerikanischer Zweig
- Clan Hay Society–Kanadischer Zweig
- Die Clan Hay Pipe Band
- Das Hay DNA Projekt
- Clan Hay page in The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs Website
- Clan Hay page in Armoria Familia Website ( vom 22. Oktober 2009 im Internet Archive)
- Die Hay Familie in Schottland
- Peerage ao Hay families
- Abzeichen der Hay Familie
- Hay's Wappen
Einzelnachweise
- ↑ clanchiefs.org ( des vom 26. Juli 2011 im Internet Archive) Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.. clanchiefs.org. Abgerufen am 19. September 2011.
- ↑ a b Black: The Surnames of Scotland. Their Origin, Meaning, and History. Reprinted edition. 1946, S. 350.
- ↑ a b c d e Townend (Hrsg.): Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. 105th edition. 1970, S. 949.
- ↑ Keegan: Six Armies in Normandy. 1983, S. 152.
- ↑ manchmal de la Haya oder de la Hay.
- ↑ manchmal de Haia.
- ↑ a b c Whyte: Scottish Surnames and Families. 1996, S. 88.
- ↑ Black: The Surnames of Scotland. Their Origin, Meaning, and History. Reprinted edition. 1946, S. 494–495.
- ↑ burkes peerage. In: burkes-peerage.net. Abgerufen am 16. Januar 2013 (englisch).
- ↑ New Slains Castle bei Cruden Bay. Aboutaberdeen.com (16 June 2007). Abgerufen am 19. September 2011
Auf dieser Seite verwendete Medien
Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of the Marquess of Tweeddale, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Quarterly 1st and 4th Azure three cinquefoils Argent (Fraser); 2nd and 3rd Gules three bars Ermine (Gifford of Yester); an inescutcheon Argent three inescutcheons Gules (Hay).
ref.: The general armoury of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471
Autor/Urheber: Saltspan, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
coat of arms of the earl of Erroll, high constable of Scotland
Arms. Argent three Inescutcheons Gules; behind the shield in saltire two Batons Argent tipped Or (for Lord High Constable of Scotland).
Crest. Issuing out of a Ducal Coronet a Falcon volant proper armed jessed and belled Or.
Supporters. On either side a Savage wreathed about the middle with Laurel, bearing on his exterior shoulder an Ox Yoke proper Bows gules. [with badge as Great Constable of Scotland, viz. two arms vambraced issuing out of clouds and gauntlets proper, each holding a sword erect in pale argent, hilted and pommelled or, at the side of the escutcheon]
Motto. Serva Jugum (Maintain the yoke).
arms of the Hay of Alderston, a branche of Clan Hay
Blazon: a key fesswise ward to dexter between three escutcheons Gules.
ref.: Shields of Clan Hay by Official Website of the Clan HayAutor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Cardenie, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a fess nebuly between three escutcheons Gules.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Pitfour, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent three escutcheons Gules a bordure checky of the first and second.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
arms of the Hay of Naughton, Chieftain of a branche of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent three inescutcheons a bordure indented Gules
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Coat of arms of Hay of Leith, a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent three escutcheons Gules each charged with a garb Or.
ref.: Clan Hay page in Armoria Familia WebsiteAutor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Letham, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent, three escutcheons Gules within a bordure indented Azure charged with three fraises of the first.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Park, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent three escutcheons and a bordure Gules.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of the of Laxfirth, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a mullet Azure between three escutcheons Gules a bordure of the second.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Linplum, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Quarterly 1st and 4th Azure three cinquefoils Argent (Fraser); 2nd and 3rd Gules three bars Ermine (Gifford of Yester); an inescutcheon Argent three inescutcheons Gules (Hay) all within a bordure Argent.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Wikimandia, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Early arms of Arms of Hay, Earls of Kinnoull: Quarterly, 1st & 4th: azure, a unicorn salient argent, armed, maned and unguled or, within a bordure of the last, charged with eight half thistles vert impaled with as many half roses, gules (being a coat of augmentation); 2nd & 3rd: argent, three escutcheons gules (for Hay).
Coat of arms of Hay of Boyne, a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Gules three escutcheons Argent.
ref.: Heraldry by Official Website of the Clan HayCoat of arms of Hay of Broxmouth, a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent three escutcheons Vert.
ref.: Heraldry by Official Website of the Clan HayAutor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Arms of the Baronets Hay of Smithfleld and Haystoun, Chieftain of a branche of Clan Hay.
Blazon: Quarterly 1st and 4th Azure three cinquefoils Argent (Fraser); 2nd and 3rd Gules three bars Ermine (Gifford of Yester); an inescutcheon Argent three inescutcheons Gules (Hay) all within a bordure Vert charged with ten unicorn's heads between as many mullets Argent.
Reference: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471.Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
arms of the Hay of Strowie, Chieftain of a branche of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent three escutcheons and on a bordure Gules eight crescents of the first.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471arms of the Hay of the Marquis of Tweeddale (1730), a branche of Clan Hay; ref.: Richard Augustin Hay, "Genealogie of the Hayes of Tweeddale", Thomas G. Stevenson Editor, Edinburgh, 1835
arms of the Hay of Leys, a branche of Clan Hay; ref.: John Burke, "A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain and Ireland...", Henry Colburn Editor, London, 1833 - Page 504
Coat of arms of Hay of Locherworth, a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Azure three inescutcheons Argent.
ref.: Heraldry by Official Website of the Clan HayCoat of arms of Hay of Urie, a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a lozenge between three escutcheons Gules.
ref.: Photo in Official Website of The Heraldry Society of ScotlandAutor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Seafield, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a chevron and three escutcheons Gules.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Sodacan, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 4.0
Arms of Hay, Earl of Erroll
Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Leys, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Ermine three escutcheons Gules
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Coat of arms of Kent Hay Atkins, a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Azure in chief two dolphins enbowed respectant naiant Argent and in base a one masted ship Or flagged of Scotland the sail Argent charged with three escutcheons Gules.
ref.: "The Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland", The Court of the Lord Lyon, Edinburgh, 1672-1907. In the 113rd Page of the 63rd Volumearms of the Hay, a branche of Clan Hay; ref.: Richard Augustin Hay, "Genealogie of the Hayes of Tweeddale", Thomas G. Stevenson Editor, Edinburgh, 1835
arms of the Hay of Seggieden, a branche of Clan Hay; ref.: John Burke, "A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain and Ireland...", Henry Colburn Editor, London, 1833 - Page 509
Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Megginch, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent an acorn upright Proper between three escutcheons Gules.
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of the Lord Hay of Yester, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Quarterly 1st and 4th Gules three bars Ermine (Gifford of Yester); 2nd and 3rd Sable three cinquefoils Argent (Fraser); an inescutcheon Azure three inescutcheons Argent (Hay).
ref.: heraldry-scotland.co.ukAutor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Newhall, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a crescent Azure between three escutcheons Gules a bordure checky Gules and Argent.
ref.: The general armoury of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471arms of the Hay of Pitfour, a branche of Clan Hay; ref.: John Burke, "A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain and Ireland...", Henry Colburn Editor, London, 1833 - Page 507
Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Dalgety, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a fraise Azure between three escutcheons Gules
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471Autor/Urheber: Czar Brodie, Lizenz: CC BY-SA 3.0
Coat of arms of Hay of Fudie, Chieftain of a branch of Clan Hay
Blazon: Argent a chevron Sable between three escutcheons Gules
ref.: The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time, by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892, p.470-471arms of the Hay of Errol, a branche of Clan Hay; ref.: Richard Augustin Hay, "Genealogie of the Hayes of Tweeddale", Thomas G. Stevenson Editor, Edinburgh, 1835